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Enrichment of soy isoflavone extracts through macroporous resin for characterization of toxicity and estrogenic activities

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Abstract

Soy isoflavone extracts are widely researched for their distinctive potential in contributing to various functional foods. The research work focuses on testing the toxicity of purified soy isoflavone extracts in mice models. With an agreement of the animal ethics, acute toxicity is firstly used to screen the effects of test compounds in mice for therapeutic purposes. Moreover, tests were conducted on BALB/c for estrogen in vivo and MCF7 for in vitro, screening active protection of liver cells, lipid peroxidation and scavenging free radicals 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Genistin and daidzin were found to be the two major compounds accounting for 47% and 35% of total purified soy isoflavones. The acute toxicity test results exhibited no effect against physiological accretion of BALB/c after 7-day administration with the given dose of 10 g/kgBW. Moreover, modified E-screen assay on MCF7 cells proved that the estrogen of isoflavone extracts induces cell proliferation by 15% compared with other non-steroid culture techniques. Therefore, this research contributes to helping researchers apply soy isoflavones in functional food, to alleviate the difficulties in menopausal symptoms for women in the future.

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Availability of data and material

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Code availability

Not Applicable.

Abbreviations

BALB/c:

Bagg albino/c mice

BW:

Body weight

DMEM:

Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium

DMSO:

Dimethyl sulfoxide

DPPH:

2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl

E2:

17β-Estradiol

E-Screen:

Estrogenicity screen

FBS:

Fetal bovine serum

FRAP:

Ferric reducing antioxidant power

HRT:

Hormone replacement therapy

LDL:

Low density lipoprotein

MCF-7:

Michigan Cancer Foundation-7

MDA:

Malonyl dialdehyde

MTT:

3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide

VCD:

4-Vinylcyclohexen diepoxide

CET:

Crude extract

PET:

Purified extract

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Domestic Master/Ph.D. Scholarship Programme of Vingroup Innovation Foundation, under grant number VINIF.2019.TS.63.

Funding

This research work was supported under the Domestic Master/Ph.D. Scholarship Programme of Vingroup Innovation Foundation, under grant number VINIF.2019.TS.63.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The University of Danang, University of Technology and Education, 48 Cao Thang St., Danang, 550 000, Vietnam

    Thi Ngoc Thu Tran & Thi Dong Phuong Nguyen

  2. The University of Danang, University of Science and Technology, 54 Nguyen Luong Bang St., Danang, 550 000, Vietnam

    Thi Minh Hanh Truong & Tran-van Luan

  3. The University of Danang, University of Science and Education, 459 Ton Duc Thang St., Danang, 550 000, Vietnam

    Vung Xuan Bui

  4. Institute of Biotechnology (IBT), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18-Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam

    Do Thi Thao

  5. Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, UCSI Heights, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Kuan Shiong Khoo

  6. School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900, Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

    Kit Wayne Chew

  7. Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

    Pau Loke Show

  8. Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, 325035, Wenzhou, China

    Pau Loke Show

Authors
  1. Thi Ngoc Thu Tran
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  2. Thi Minh Hanh Truong
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  3. Thi Dong Phuong Nguyen
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  4. Vung Xuan Bui
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  6. Tran-van Luan
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  7. Kuan Shiong Khoo
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  8. Kit Wayne Chew
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  9. Pau Loke Show
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Contributions

TNTT Writing—original draft; Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis: Visualization, TMHT Validation, Formal analysis, TDPN Conceptualization; Supervision, Funding acquisition, Project administration, VXB Writing—review and editing, DTT Writing—review and editing, LT-v Writing—review and editing, KSK Writing—review and editing, Project administration, KWC Writing—review and editing, PLS Supervision, Project administration.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Thi Ngoc Thu Tran, Thi Minh Hanh Truong or Pau Loke Show.

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The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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Tran, T.N.T., Truong, T.M.H., Nguyen, T.D.P. et al. Enrichment of soy isoflavone extracts through macroporous resin for characterization of toxicity and estrogenic activities. J Food Sci Technol 60, 1097–1106 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-022-05491-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-022-05491-4

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