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Sedimentology and diagenesis impact on Sanduo formation (E2S) in Zhen 11 block of Gaoyou Sag, East China

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Abstract

Zhen 11 block is located in the deep sag of Gaoyou Sag, North Jiangsu basin, China. It is the main oil-bearing block in the Zhenwu oilfield, which contains multiple types of faults with complex tectonic structures. The Sanduo formation is the target horizon of the study area that has been divided into two members. The purpose of the current study is to evaluate the sedimentology and diagenetic impact on reservoir characteristics. To fulfill the main objective of the study, the core data analysis, thin-section analysis, SEM, CL, and MICP techniques have been used to evaluate the sedimentary facies, reservoir characteristics, and diagenesis of E2s1 in the Zhen 11 block. The reservoir rock of E2s1 in the Zhen 11 block is mainly lithic arkoses and feldspathic litharenite. The grain sorting and rounding are poor, with low composition and structural maturity, reflecting the characteristics of near provenance. The formation comprises primary pores, secondary pores, and microfractures. The porosity and permeability range from 10 to 31% and 0.4 × 10−3μm2 to 8000 × 10−3μm2, respectively. The diagenesis includes compaction, cementation, alteration of clay minerals, and feldspar dissolution. The dissolution of feldspar developed in the early and late burial stages. The mechanical compaction increases by increasing burial depth, due to that mechanism the reservoir characteristics have been reduced. The dissolution of feldspar and the fracturing mechanism is common that enhance the reservoir quality. Carbonate cement and clay contents block pores and pore throats and significantly reduces reservoir quality. E2s1 sandstone is commonly deposited in the braided river and meandering stream depositional environment. It consists of an abundance of quartz and feldspar grains with minor calcite cement. Grains are mostly sub-angular to angular, sub-rounded, and moderate sorting, with primary intergranular porosity that increases the reservoir quality. The meandering channel sandstone is comprised of coarse gravel, sandstone, and siltstone from bottom to top with fair reservoir characteristics. Overall the studied formation consists of moderate to good porosity and permeability that is why it can be acting as a good reservoir.

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Data availability

All data included in this study are available upon request by contact with the corresponding author Data is transparent and available to the first author.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledged the School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, for providing experimental facilities. I am also thankful to CSC (Chin scholarship council) who provide me financial support to complete my research work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, 266580, China

    Orkhan Isgandarov, Yang Shaochun, Zhang Yifan & Mohammed Saleh Ahmed Gaghman

  2. Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China

    Orkhan Isgandarov, Yang Shaochun & Zhang Yifan

  3. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan

    Muhammad Kashif & Muhammad Fahad Ullah

Authors
  1. Orkhan Isgandarov
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  2. Yang Shaochun
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  3. Muhammad Kashif
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  4. Zhang Yifan
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  5. Muhammad Fahad Ullah
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  6. Mohammed Saleh Ahmed Gaghman
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All authors contributed to writing, interpreting, removing grammatical mistakes, software work, etc.

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Correspondence to Orkhan Isgandarov or Muhammad Kashif.

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Isgandarov, O., Shaochun, Y., Kashif, M. et al. Sedimentology and diagenesis impact on Sanduo formation (E2S) in Zhen 11 block of Gaoyou Sag, East China. Carbonates Evaporites 38, 47 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13146-023-00873-x

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