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Double Cisterna Magna Blood Injection Model of Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Dogs

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Abstract

Several animal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) models have been proposed to study the etiology and treatment for cerebral vasospasm. We describe the experimental procedures of a canine double-hemorrhage model of SAH and discuss the pathophysiological parameters and occurrence of angiographic delayed cerebral vasospasm using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and digital subtraction angiography. Autologous blood was injected twice on days 1 and 3 into the cerebellomedullary cistern of 36 female beagles. All animals showed delayed angiographic vasospasm in the vertebrobasilar arteries on day 7. The degree of vasospasm was 29–42 % of the arterial diameter. However, this model showed no symptomatic vasospasm or ischemic changes detected by MR imaging. This animal model can produce reproducible delayed vasospasm without detectable cerebral infarction on MR imaging. This model allows evaluation of the effect of treatment on delayed vasospasm in the same animals. The canine double-hemorrhage model of SAH is suitable for the quantitative and chronological study of delayed angiographic vasospasm, but not for investigating early brain injury and delayed cerebral ischemia.

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Compliance with Ethical Requirements

All animal experiments included in this review article were carried out in accordance with the Institutional Guidelines and the Roles of Animal Experimentation, and the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of Juntendo University, Shizuoka Hospital (Izunokuni, Shizuoka, Japan).

Conflict of Interest

The authors have no personal financial or institutional interest in any of the drugs, materials, or devices described in this article.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan

    Kentaro Mori

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  1. Kentaro Mori
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Correspondence to Kentaro Mori.

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Mori, K. Double Cisterna Magna Blood Injection Model of Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Dogs. Transl. Stroke Res. 5, 647–652 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12975-014-0356-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12975-014-0356-8

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