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Local Similar Solution of Magnetized Hybrid Nanofluid Flow Due to Exponentially Stretching/Shrinking Sheet

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Abstract

The importance of thermal efficiency in major industrial and engineering sectors cannot be overstated. Numerous processes within these domains require substantial heat transfer, and conventional fluids often fall short in generating the necessary amount of heat for these operations. Recognizing this limitation, there arose a need to enhance the thermal conductivity of ordinary liquids. In response to this challenge, researchers and scientists proposed a groundbreaking idea: the introduction of metallic and non-metallic nano additives into the base fluid to improve its thermal effectiveness. This innovative approach gave rise to a new category of liquids known as hybrid nanofluids. In this article, we delve into the analysis of the 2D steady flow of SWCNT-Fe3O4/H2O and MWCNT-Cu/H2O-based hybrid nanofluid over a stretching and shrinking sheet, taking into account factors such as suction/injection and thermophysical impacts. The utilization of similarity variables enables the reduction of partial differential equations to a more manageable system of ordinary differential equations. To solve these transformed ordinary differential equations, a numerical technique, specifically the shooting algorithm with the bvp4c solver, is employed. The results are presented and elucidated through graphical representations, providing valuable insights into the behavior of the system under consideration.

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Funding

The researchers received funding from the Deanship of Scientific Research, Taif University, for this work.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mathematics, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan

    Umar Farooq, Muhammad Imran & Shan Ali Khan

  2. School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049, China

    Umar Farooq, Shan Ali Khan & Sobia Noreen

  3. School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 2122013, China

    Hassan Waqas

  4. Department of Mathematics, Laghman University, Mehtarlam, 2701, Laghman, Afghanistan

    Abdul Bariq

  5. Department of Mathematics, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia

    S. K. Elagan & Aleena Ramzan

  6. Department of Mathematics and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, 11586, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Nahid Fatima

  7. Department of Zoology, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan

    Sobia Noreen

Authors
  1. Umar Farooq
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  2. Hassan Waqas
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  3. Abdul Bariq
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  4. S. K. Elagan
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  5. Nahid Fatima
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  6. Muhammad Imran
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  7. Shan Ali Khan
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  8. Sobia Noreen
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  9. Aleena Ramzan
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Contributions

Umar Farooq and Sobia Noreen: solved problem and wrote manuscript, software, simulation and plotting graphs; Muhammad Imran and Hassan Waqas: methodology verified and proof read, supervision; Shan Ali Khan and Aleena Ramzan: formal analysis, re-investigation; Nahid Fatima: re-validation and adding analysis of data; Abdul Bariq and S. K. Elagan: conceptualization.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Abdul Bariq.

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Farooq, U., Waqas, H., Bariq, A. et al. Local Similar Solution of Magnetized Hybrid Nanofluid Flow Due to Exponentially Stretching/Shrinking Sheet. BioNanoSci. 14, 368–379 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12668-023-01276-x

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