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Piperine-Loaded Zein Electrospun Nanofibers: Development, Characterization and Antibacterial Application

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Abstract

One therapeutic approach to overcome the antibiotic resistance of biofilms is to employ new drug delivery systems. Meanwhile, investigations on nanofibers with appropriate formulations due to their unique characteristics are being conducted remarkably. Piperine, as a natural substance, and its antibacterial effects have been confirmed in several studies. Therefore, in the current study, the antibacterial potential of piperine-loaded zein nanofibers on Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm was evaluated. The nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning technique with different concentrations of piperine (2.5, 5, and 10% w/v). The morphology, thermal stability, crystallinity, and functional groups of the nanofibers were characterized by FE-SEM, TGA, XRD, and FTIR, respectively. The results showed that the nanofibers had uniform and bead-free morphology, and the diameter of the nanofibers increased with the increase in piperine concentration. Piperine improved the thermal stability of zein nanofibers and maintained its crystalline structure. FTIR spectra indicated no chemical interaction between zein and piperine in the nanofibers. The nanofibers exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm in a concentration-dependent manner. The nanofibers containing 10% piperine had the highest antibacterial efficacy, comparable to gentamicin. The nanofibers also showed higher biofilm removal ability than free piperine. These findings suggest that piperine-loaded zein nanofibers are promising candidates for preventing and treating biofilm-related infections.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the University of Zabol for its support in implementing the project.

Funding

This work was financially supported by Zabol University of Medical Sciences (IR.ZBMU.REC.1401.074) (https://ethics.research.ac.ir/ProposalCertificateEn.php?id=290724&Print=true&NoPrintHeader=true&NoPrintFooter=true&NoPrintPageBorder=true&LetterPrint=true) (https://ethics.research.ac.ir/ProposalCertificateEn.php?id=290724&Print=true&NoPrintHeader=true&NoPrintFooter=true&NoPrintPageBorder=true&LetterPrint=true). This work also received support from a grant offered by the University of Zabol (IR-UOZ-GR-4249).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran

    Sara Daneshmand, Homa Hosseynipour & Faezeh Roshan

  2. Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran

    Omolbanin Shahraki

  3. Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran

    Omolbanin Shahraki

  4. Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, 98613-35856, Iran

    Mohammad Amin Miri

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  1. Sara Daneshmand
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  2. Omolbanin Shahraki
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  3. Homa Hosseynipour
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  4. Faezeh Roshan
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Contributions

SD contributed to the conception of the work, conducting the study, revising the draft, approving the final version of the manuscript, and agreed on all aspects of the work. OSh contributed to data analysis, the drafting and revising of the draft, approval of the final version of the manuscript, and agreed on all aspects of the work. HH contributed to the conception of the work, approval of the final version of the manuscript, and agreed for all aspects of the work. FR contributed to data analysis, approval of the final version of the manuscript, and agreed for all aspects of the work. MAM contributed to the conception of the work, drafting and revising the draft, data analysis, approval of the final version of the manuscript, and agreed on all aspects of the work.

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Correspondence to Mohammad Amin Miri.

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Daneshmand, S., Shahraki, O., Hosseynipour, H. et al. Piperine-Loaded Zein Electrospun Nanofibers: Development, Characterization and Antibacterial Application. BioNanoSci. 14, 11–26 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12668-023-01246-3

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