Abstract
This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of meteorological and hydrological droughts in the lower Tigris-Euphrates basin, Türkiye over 12-month time scale using the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and the standardized streamflow index (SDI). To evaluate monthly trends of the SPI, SPEI, and SDI series, Mann–Kendall (MK), Spearman Rho (SR), and innovative trend analysis (ITA) tests are employed. The intrinsic relationships between the hydrological and meteorological drought in the study area as well as the specifics of how the oscillation period changes over time can also be obtained via wavelet transform coherence (WTC), which can reveal essential information. The results of all trend tests performed a decreasing trend consistently at stations 17275, 17810, 17948, 17950, and 17968 for all months in terms of SPI. SPEI is more sensitive to trend detection than SPI when taking into account all trend testing. In addition, the three trend tests are found to be more consistent with each other when SPEI is compared to SPI. According to SDI, the ITA method is clearly superior to the other two methods for identifying hidden trends. The ITA method, for example, captures a considerably increasing/decreasing trend at stations E26A038 (January and February), E26A012 (January, February, and from May to December), and E26A033 (from June to December) despite MK and SR tests finding no significant trends at any of the stations. When considering the WTC, positive month signals are strongly correlated with 12-month periods, according to the majority of stations.
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The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request. Due to a non-disclosure agreement, the data used in the present study are not publicly accessible.
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Esit, M., Çelik, R. & Akbas, E. Long-term meteorological and hydrological drought characteristics on the lower Tigris-Euphrates basin, Türkiye: relation, impact and trend. Environ Earth Sci 82, 491 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-023-11182-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-023-11182-w