Skip to main content
Log in

Influence of coach’s interpersonal attraction and homophily on youth soccer players’ motivation

Einfluss der interpersonellen Attraktion und Homophilie eines Trainers auf die Motivation von Jugendfußballspielern

  • Main Article
  • Published:
German Journal of Exercise and Sport Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

It is well known that certain coaching behaviors and characteristics have the potential in shaping players’ skill development. Interpersonal attraction and homophily are one relevant example that can be used to explain individual’s affective evaluation of another individual’s actions. In a sport context, the interpersonal characteristics of a coach can potentially influence players at different levels. This study investigated the influence of coach’s interpersonal attraction (social, physical, and task) and homophily (attitude and background) on youth soccer players’ motivation. A closed ended questionnaire was distributed to 94 youth soccer players to examine the impact of coach’s interpersonal attraction and homophily on their motivation. The results showed that coach’s social, physical, and task attractions significantly influenced players’ motivation. We also found that coach’s attitude positively contributed to players’ motivation. Outcomes from this study offer new insights into the development of coaching relationship quality and players’ motivation. It also enriches the current theoretical understanding on how certain interpersonal behaviors of a coach may influence individuals’ motivation in a sport context.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological bulletin, 103(3), 411.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bekiari, A., & Petanidis, D. (2016). Exploring teachers’ verbal aggressiveness through interpersonal attraction and students’ intrinsic motivation. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 4(12), 72–85.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boekaerts, M. (1999). Motivated learning: Studying student* situation transactional units. European journal of psychology of education, 14(1), 41.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buriro, G. A., Buriro, W. M., & Abbasi, A. M. (2015). A comparative analysis of learners: Impact of socio-economic background on motivation for learning English language. Grassroots, 49(2), 186–196.

    Google Scholar 

  • Byrne, D. E. (1971). The attraction paradigm. Vol. 462. New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen, L. H., & Wu, C.-H. (2014). Gratitude enhances change in athletes’ self-esteem: the moderating role of trust in coach. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 26(3), 349–362.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chin, W. W. (2010). How to write up and report PLS analyses. In Handbook of partial least squares (pp. 655–690). Berlin: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Çolak, F. Ü., et al. (2011). Determining interpersonal attraction in educational environment and the relation with motivation. International Journal on New Trends in Education and Their Implications, 2, 47–56.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coulson, M., Barnett, J., Ferguson, C. J., & Gould, R. L. (2012). Real feelings for virtual people: emotional attachments and interpersonal attraction in video games. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 1(3), 176.

    Google Scholar 

  • De Haan, E., & Gannon, J. (2017). The coaching relationship. In The SAGE handbook of coaching (pp. 195–217).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error: Algebra and statistics. Los Angeles: SAGE.

    Google Scholar 

  • Forsman, H., Gråstén, A., Blomqvist, M., Davids, K., Liukkonen, J., & Konttinen, N. (2016). Development and validation of the perceived game-specific soccer competence scale. Journal of Sports Sciences, 34(14), 1319–1327.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gettman, H. J., Edinger, S. K., & Wouters, K. (2019). Assessing contracting and the coaching relationship: necessary infrastructure? International Journal of Evidence Based Coaching & Mentoring, 17(1), 46–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hair, J. F. Jr, Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C., & Sarstedt, M. (2016). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Thousand Oaks: SAGE.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hansen, B., Gilbert, W., & Hamel, T. (2003). Successful coaches’ views on motivation and motivational strategies. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 74(8), 45–48.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haveman, H. A., & Wetts, R. (2019). Contemporary organizational theory: the demographic, relational, and cultural perspectives. Sociology Compass, 13(3), e12664.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huston, T. L. (1974). A perspective on interpersonal attraction. In Foundations of interpersonal attraction (pp. 3–28).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ianiro, P. M., Schermuly, C. C., & Kauffeld, S. (2013). Why interpersonal dominance and affiliation matter: an interaction analysis of the coach-client relationship. Coaching: An International Journal of Theory, Research and Practice, 6(1), 25–46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kao, S.-F., Hsieh, M.-H., & Lee, P.-L. (2017). Coaching competency and trust in coach in sport teams. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 12(3), 319–327.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaya, K., Erdogan, Ç. H., & Bahadir, Z. (2019). Examining the personality traits and empathetic tendency levels of students of the coaching education department. Asian Journal of Education and Training, 5(1), 255–259.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kilit, B., Arslan, E., Akca, F., Aras, D., Soylu, Y., Clemente, F. M., Knechtle, B., et al. (2019). Effect of coach encouragement on the Psychophysiological and performance responses of young tennis players. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(18), 3467.

    PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Kutluca, T., & Gokalp, Z. (2011). A study on computer usage and attitudes toward computers of prospective preschool teacher. International Journal on New Trends in Education and Their Implications, 2(1), 1–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ladhari, R., Massa, E., & Skandrani, H. (2020). YouTube vloggers’ popularity and influence: the roles of homophily, emotional attachment, and expertise. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 54, 102027.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lau, H. S., Hollander, M. M., Cushman, J. T., DuGoff, E. H., Jones, C. M., Kind, A. J., Shah, M. N., et al. (2018). Qualitative evaluation of the coach training within a community paramedicine care transitions intervention. Prehospital Emergency Care, 22(4), 527–534.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Lorimer, R., & Jowett, S. (2009). Empathic accuracy, meta-perspective, and satisfaction in the coach-athlete relationship. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 21(2), 201–212.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mahoney, M. J., Gabriel, T. J., & Perkins, T. S. (1987). Psychological skills and exceptional athletic performance. The sport psychologist, 1(3), 181–199.

    Google Scholar 

  • McAuley, E., Wraith, S., & Duncan, T. E. (1991). Self-efficacy, perceptions of success, and intrinsic motivation for exercise 1. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 21(2), 139–155.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCroskey, J. C., & McCain, T. A. (1974). The measurement of interpersonal attraction. Speech Monographs, 41, 261–266.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCroskey, J. C., Richmond, V. P., & Daly, J. A. (1975). The development of a measure of perceived homophily in interpersonal communication. Human Communication Research, 1(4), 323–332.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCroskey, L. L., McCroskey, J. C., & Richmond, V. P. (2006). Analysis and improvement of the measurement of interpersonal attraction and homophily. Communication Quarterly, 54(1), 1–31.

    Google Scholar 

  • McKenna, D. D., & Davis, S. L. (2009). Hidden in plain sight: the active ingredients of executive coaching. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 2(3), 244–260.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mohammad, M. (2013). The relationship between instructor race and homophily, credibility, and student motivation: a classroom analysis. Fullerton: California State University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Møllerløkken, N. E., Lorås, H., & Pedersen, A. V. (2017). A comparison of players’ and coaches’ perceptions of the coach-created motivational climate within youth soccer teams. Frontiers in psychology, 8, 109.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Motsoaledi, L., & Cilliers, F. (2012). Executive coaching in diversity from the systems psychodynamic perspective. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 38(2), 32–43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murray, K. (2009). An evaluation of the backgrounds, beliefs and attitudes of think Detroit PAL volunteer youth sports coaches. Michigan State University. Kinesiology. https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=kRhGa_mQw8EC

  • O’Broin, A., & Palmer, S. (2010). Building on an interpersonal perspective on the coaching relationship. In The coaching relationship: putting people first (p. 34).

    Google Scholar 

  • Pawar, P. R. (2017). Impact of teachers’ attitude on motivation of the students. Int. J. Rev. and Res. Social Sci,, 5(2), 109–110.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ragg, I. V., et al. (2019). The effects of graduate teaching associate status and style on perceived credibility, homophily, student affect and motivation. Fullerton: California State University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rocchi, M., & Pelletier, L. (2018). How does coaches’ reported interpersonal behavior align with athletes’ perceptions? Consequences for female athletes’ psychological needs in sport. Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology, 7(2), 141.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rocchi, M., & Pelletier, L. G. (2017). The antecedents of coaches’ interpersonal behaviors: the role of the coaching context, coaches’ psychological needs, and coaches’ motivation. Journal of sport and exercise psychology, 39(5), 366–378.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rocchi, M. A., Guertin, C., Pelletier, L. G., & Sweet, S. N. (2019). Performance trajectories for competitive swimmers: The role of coach interpersonal behaviors and athlete motivation. Motivation Science, 6(3), 285–296.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodrigues, F., Bento, T., Cid, L., Pereira Neiva, H., Teixeira, D., Moutão, J., Monteiro, D., et al. (2018). Can interpersonal behavior influence the persistence and adherence to physical exercise practice in adults? A systematic review. Frontiers in psychology, 9, 2141.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Schwamberger, B., & Curtner-Smith, M. (2019). Moral development and sporting behavior in sport education: a case study of a preservice teacher with a coaching orientation. European Physical Education Review, 25(2), 581–596.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tabachnick, B. G., Fidell, L. S., & Ullman, J. B. (2007). Using multivariate statistics. Vol. 5. Boston: Pearson.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tenenhaus, M., Vinzi, V. E., Chatelin, Y.-M., & Lauro, C. (2005). PLS path modeling. Computational statistics & data analysis, 48(1), 159–205.

    Google Scholar 

  • Teng, Q., & Wang, X. (2020). More is less? The curvilinear impact of coach competency on athlete psychological engagement. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 48(4), 1–13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Terblanche, N. H., & Heyns, M. (2020). The impact of coachee personality traits, propensity to trust and perceived trustworthiness of a coach, on a coachee’s trust behaviour in a coaching relationship. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 46(1), 1–11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tsui, A. S., & O’reilly III, C. A. (1989). Beyond simple demographic effects: the importance of relational demography in superior-subordinate dyads. Academy of management journal, 32(2), 402–423.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vasalampi, K., Kiuru, N., & Salmela-Aro, K. (2018). The role of a supportive interpersonal environment and education-related goal motivation during the transition beyond upper secondary education. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 55, 110–119.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walster, E., Walster, G. W., & Berscheid, E. (1978). Equity: theory and research. In DigitalGeorgetown (p. 1).

    Google Scholar 

  • Weiss, S. D., & Houser, M. L. (2007). Student communication motives and interpersonal attraction toward instructor. Communication Research Reports, 24(3), 215–224.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wetzels, M., Odekerken-Schröder, G., & Van Oppen, C. (2009). Using PLS path modeling for assessing hierarchical construct models: guidelines and empirical illustration. MIS quarterly, 33(1), 177–195.

    Google Scholar 

  • Woldeamanuel, M. M. (2019). Motivation and attitude towards learning chemistry. African Journal of Chemical Education, 9(2), 70–88.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Won, J.-U., & Kitamura, K. (2006). Motivational factors affecting sports consumption behavior of K‑league and J‑league spectators. International Journal of Sport and Health Science, 4, 233–251.

    Google Scholar 

  • Woods, A. M., & Rhoades, J. L. (2010). National board certified physical educators: background characteristics, subjective warrants, and motivations. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 29(3), 312–331.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yuan, C., Wang, Y., Huang, W., & Zhu, Y. (2019). Can coaching leadership encourage subordinates to speak up? Dual perspective of cognition-affection. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 40(4), 485–498.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mazin Abdul-Sattar.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

M. Abdul-Sattar and H. Al-Samarraie declare that they have no competing interests.

For this article no studies with human participants or animals were performed by any of the authors. All studies performed were in accordance with the ethical standards indicated in each case.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Abdul-Sattar, M., Al-Samarraie, H. Influence of coach’s interpersonal attraction and homophily on youth soccer players’ motivation. Ger J Exerc Sport Res 51, 63–70 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12662-020-00689-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12662-020-00689-0

Keywords

Navigation