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Structure and Properties of Lignin Extracted from Cotton Stalk by Non-polluting Ethanol-Assisted Hot Water Pretreatment and its High-Value Utilization for Methylene Blue Removal

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Abstract

Lignin has a unique chemical structure that can effectively adsorb dye cations in sewage. In this paper, a non-polluting ethanol-assisted hot water pretreatment method was used to extract lignin from the cotton stalk. The structure and properties of lignin were investigated, and the adsorption isotherm model, internal diffusion model, and adsorption kinetic equation for the adsorption of methylene blue were verified. The extraction yield of lignin was 15.65%. The molecular mass of lignin was only about 900 Da. Both Infrared Spectroscopy and 2D-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance showed that it contained the type of grass lignin units (guaiacyl, syringyl, and p-hydroxyphenyl) phenolic hydroxyl units. The morphology of the lignin was that there were many burr particles on the blocky surface. The lignin had a good effect in removing methylene blue, with 17.11 mg/g, and its pH range was wide from 3 to 8. The Dubinin–Radushkevich model is the best isothermal model that matches the experimental data, R2 = 0.988, the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation is the best-matching model, R2 = 0.9369. In the intraparticle diffusion model test, intra-particle diffusion occurs in the second stage of the matching line.

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Data Availability

The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available in the [manuscript],[taary materials] repository.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21706026)

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This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No: [21706026]).

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  1. R&D Institute of Fluid and Powder Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China

    Tao Yang, Zhiyi Li, Wei Wei, Xiaojuan Wang, Fengxia Liu, Xiaofei Xu & Zhijun Liu

  2. School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China

    Tao Yang

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Conceptualization: XW, FL, ZL; Methodology: TY, ZL; Formal analysis and investigation: TY, XX; Writing—original draft preparation: TY; Writing—review and editing: ZL, ZL; Funding acquisition: XW; Resources: WW; Supervision: WW, XX.

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Yang, T., Li, Z., Wei, W. et al. Structure and Properties of Lignin Extracted from Cotton Stalk by Non-polluting Ethanol-Assisted Hot Water Pretreatment and its High-Value Utilization for Methylene Blue Removal. Waste Biomass Valor 14, 2085–2101 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-022-01996-3

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