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Comparative study of real-time terahertz imaging of concealed metallic objects, drug, wood and TNT explosive in transmission/reflection modes using uncooled microbolometer and ultrafast pulsed terahertz imaging systems

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Abstract

The paper reports the art of recording a real-time imaging of concealed metallic objects, paracetamol drug, wood and TNT explosive using 0.11 Terahertz(THz) IMPATT diode laser source of 60 mW power and a 320 × 260 pixels plane focal array (PFA) uncooled microbolometer-based camera coupled with indigenously designed Teflon lenses and metallic mirrors. The noise equivalent power (NEP) and noise equivalent temperature difference (NETD) of microbolometer were ascertained of the order of 0.9pW/ \(\sqrt{Hz}\) and 1004.5 mK, respectively. The image of the object was recorded using a X–Y motorized stage. The microbolometer camera with each pixel size of 150 µm combined with FLIR software for the recording the raw imaging data of the metallic sample. In the next step, raw data were transferred to python software for generating terahertz images. Finally, the quality of images is compared with the terahertz pulsed imaging system in reflection mode, which consist of an optical fiber-coupled femtosecond laser of 60 fs pulse width and repetition rate of 100 MHz for the generation and detection of THz radiation.

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Acknowledgements

The Authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the DRDO, Minsitry of Defense, Govt. of India under ACRHEM Phase–III No.ERIP/ER/1501138/M/01/319/D (R&D). Our special thanks to Dr. Haribabu Srivatava, Former Director, LASTEC, Metcalf House, Delhi and present Director General DFTM, DRDO, New Delhi and the Director, ACRHEM for their keen interest, constant support and encouragement during the entire experimental development.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials (ACRHEM), University of Hyderabad, Prof. CR Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500046, India

    P. Naveen Kumar, M. Nagaraju, K. V. Arjun & A. K. Chaudhary

  2. Laser Science & Technology Centre (LASTEC), Delhi, 110054, India

    A. K. Razdan

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  1. P. Naveen Kumar
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  2. M. Nagaraju
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  3. K. V. Arjun
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  4. A. K. Razdan
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  5. A. K. Chaudhary
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Correspondence to A. K. Chaudhary.

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Kumar, P.N., Nagaraju, M., Arjun, K.V. et al. Comparative study of real-time terahertz imaging of concealed metallic objects, drug, wood and TNT explosive in transmission/reflection modes using uncooled microbolometer and ultrafast pulsed terahertz imaging systems. Indian J Phys 97, 3109–3118 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12648-023-02652-9

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