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Lactobacillus fermentum MCC2759 and MCC2760 Alleviate Inflammation and Intestinal Function in High-Fat Diet-Fed and Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

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Abstract

The growing incidence of type 2 diabetes and obesity has become a worldwide crisis with increased socio-economic burden. Changes in lifestyle and food habits resulting in dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and low-grade inflammation are linked to the rising incidence. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of potential probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum MCC2759 and MCC2760 on intestinal markers of inflammation using a high-fat diet (HFD)-fed model and a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic model. Lact. fermentum administration showed improved oral glucose tolerance compared with the model controls of HFD (AUC 1518) and STZ (628.8). Plasma insulin levels improved in the Lact. fermentum treated groups of HFD + MCC2759 (129 ± 4.24 pmol/L) and HFD + MCC2760 (151.5 ± 9.19 pmol/L) in HFD study, while in STZ diabetic study, the insulin levels were normalized with Lact. fermentum administration, for D + MCC2759 (120.5 ± 7.77) and D + MCC2760 (138 ± 5.65 pmol/L) groups. The results showed reduction in inflammatory tone in liver, muscle, and adipose tissues of rats in both models with stimulation of anti-inflammatory IL-10 by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, the potential probiotic cultures also displayed normalization of markers related to intestinal barrier integrity (ZO-1), TLR-4 receptor, and insulin sensitivity (GLUT-4, GLP-1, adiponectin). Thus, the results suggest that Lact. fermentum could act as potential probiotic for lifestyle-related disorders such as obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome as both prophylactic and adjunct therapies.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to express their sincere thanks to Director, CSIR-CFTRI, Mysuru, for providing the necessary facilities.

Funding

The research leading to these results received funding from Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) under Grant Agreement No. 5/7/508/10-RHN. ACA received grant from Maulana Azad National Fellowship by University Grants Commission (UGC), New Delhi, India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Microbiology and Fermentation Technology Department, Mysuru, India

    Ann Catherine Archer & Prakash Motiram Halami

  2. Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, 570020, Mysuru, India

    Serva Peddha Muthukumar

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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Ann Catherine Archer. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Ann Catherine Archer, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Prakash Motiram Halami.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with guidelines of Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA), Government of India and approved by the Institute Animal Ethical Committee (IAEC), CSIR-CFTRI, Mysuru, in accordance with IAEC regulations (approval no. 335/14).

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Archer, A.C., Muthukumar, S.P. & Halami, P.M. Lactobacillus fermentum MCC2759 and MCC2760 Alleviate Inflammation and Intestinal Function in High-Fat Diet-Fed and Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Probiotics & Antimicro. Prot. 13, 1068–1080 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-021-09744-0

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