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Overexpression of a RNA silencing suppressor, B2 protein encoded by Flock House virus, in tobacco plants results in tolerance to salt stress

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Abstract

RNA silencing is an evolutionarily conserved defense response against virus invasion and suppression of silencing is a counter-defense mechanism acquired by viruses. The B2 protein encoded by insect Flock House virus (FHVB2) is a well-known RNA silencing suppressor (RSS). It is capable of reversing the suppression of GFP reporter gene in planta. In this study the effect of point mutation and deletions of FHVB2 on the in planta RSS activity was quantified and validated. The results showed drastic reduction in RSS activity of point mutant and deletion constructs. It is known that viruses like Cucumber mosaic virus can enhance the ability of plants to tolerate abiotic stress although the underlying mechanism is not known. Since the non-plant virus encoded FHVB2 is functionally similar to Cucumber mosaic virus encoded 2b and can act as a RSS in plants, it was used to understand if there is any role of host RNA silencing activity in imparting stress tolerance. FHVB2 was overexpressed in tobacco and transgenics analyzed for response to different abiotic stress conditions. The transgenic plants could tolerate high concentrations of salt and showed enhanced accumulation of proline. Transient assays using point mutant and deletion constructs indicate that functional RSS activity is not required for salt tolerance.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by research grants from Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India to NSM. KVS and SSD are thankful to DBT and CSIR respectively, for fellowship support.

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  1. Kumari Veena Sinha and Sudhanshu Sekhar Das contributed equally to this work.

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  1. Plant RNAi Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Delhi, New Delhi, India

    Kumari Veena Sinha, Sudhanshu Sekhar Das & Neeti Sanan-Mishra

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The study was conceptualized and designed by NSM. The experiments were performed, results tabulated and manuscript drafted by SSD and KVS. The manuscript was edited by NSM. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Supplementary Fig. 1.

Generation of FHVB2 overexpression tobacco lines. (A) Map of T-DNA portion of pBI121-B2 plasmid construct used for generating tobacco transgenics (B) Representative photographs to show the different steps of tobacco transformation. (C) Phenotype of wild type and transgenic tobacco plants. (JPG 172 kb)

Supplementary Fig. 2.

Analysis of tobacco plants constitutively overexpressing FHVB2. (A) PCR was performed to confirm the stable inheritance and presence of FHVB2 gene in tobacco lines. The agarose gel shows PCR amplified band of 321 bp corresponding to the FHVB2 gene. Lane 1. 1 kb DNA ladder (Fermentas); Lanes 2–6, independently transformed tobacco lines; Lane 7, positive control. (B) RT- PCR was performed to confirm the expression of FHVB2 gene in transgenic plants. The agarose gel shows amplified band of 321 bp corresponding to the FHVB2 transcript. Lane 1. 100 bp DNA ladder (Fermentas); Lanes 2–5, independently transformed tobacco lines; Lane 7, negative control. (C) Western Blotting with FHVB2 specific antibodies was performed to confirm the expression of FHVB2 protein in transgenic plants. The total protein samples were run on 12% SDS-PAGE and the blot was detected using rabbit anti-FHVB2 antibodies. Lane 1. positive control; Lane 2. WT plant; Lanes 3–8, independently transformed tobacco lines. (JPG 87 kb)

Supplementary Fig. 3.

Chlorophyll leaf disc assay to observe the effect of salt stress. (A) Representative pictures to show the salt stress induced senescence of leaf pieces obtained from wild type (WT) tobacco leaves infiltrated with B2 (FHVB2), B2(R53Q)m (FHVB2(R53Q)m), CΔ50 (FHVB2-CΔ50), CΔ100 (FHVB2-CΔ100), CΔ150 (FHVB2-CΔ150), CΔ200 (FHVB2-CΔ200). The leaf pieces were collected at 3 dpi and floated on 50, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mM NaCl solution, respectively, for 72 h. (B) Plot to show the chlorophyll content measured from the respective leaf discs exposed to various NaCl concentrations and normalized with respective infiltrated controls kept in water. The dotted line represents the normalized control. Asterisks indicate significant differences as calculated using ANOVA (*p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.001, ***p ≤ 0.001). (JPG 285 kb)

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Sinha, K.V., Das, S.S. & Sanan-Mishra, N. Overexpression of a RNA silencing suppressor, B2 protein encoded by Flock House virus, in tobacco plants results in tolerance to salt stress. Phytoparasitica 49, 299–316 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-020-00847-y

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