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Shearing-force-driven delamination of waste residue into oxidatively stable MXene composites for high-performance Si anode

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Abstract

The low yield of MXene is normally related to the delaminating step, contributing to the key technical challenges in moving toward industrial applications. Here, a shearing-force-driven strategy is proposed for re-exfoliating waste MXene residue to prepare oxidatively stable MXene composites in a low-cost manner, where the strong shear stress in the assisted solvent, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), chitosan (CS), and polyacrylamide (PAM) aqueous solutions, acts on the surface of MXene (Ti3C2Tx) through coordination between hydroxyl and Ti atoms, resulting in a rapid and efficient exfoliation of waste Ti3C2Tx residue under stirring. Furthermore, this formed coordinate bond helps to stabilize the low-valent Ti atoms on the surface of MXene, thereby enhancing the oxidative stability of Ti3C2Tx. Besides, the CNT@MXene composite is selected to construct a free-standing membrane to encapsulate Si nanoparticles, achieving a high and reversible capacity after 50 cycles. This work supports the concept of valorizing waste and adopts a fluid shear force-assisted method to re-exfoliate waste residues, which greatly reduces the cost of processing and improves the chemical stability of MXene. More importantly, this work has uncovered a new direction for the commercialization of MXene composites and has significantly improved the real-world applications of MXene-based materials.

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摘要

剥离是决定MXene 产率的关键性步骤之一，同时也是抑制MXene 商业化应用的关键技术。 基于此，我们提出采用剪切应力辅助策略对废弃MXene 残渣进行再剥离，制备高稳定 MXene 复合材料。碳纳米管水溶液，壳聚糖水溶液，聚丙烯酰胺水溶液均具有较强的剪切 应力，在搅拌过程中，这些溶剂中含有的大量羟基与MXene 表面的Ti 原子发生配位作用， 使得MXene 块体实现高效快速的剥离。更重要的是，这种形成的配位键有助于稳定 MXene 表面的低价 Ti 原子，从而显著提高 Ti3C2Tx 的抗氧化能力。此外，采用CNT@MXene 复 合材料来封装硅纳米颗粒，进而构建自支撑的硅负极，在循环50 周之后，获得较高的可逆 脱嵌容量。该项工作践行了“变废为宝”的理念，采用流体剪切力辅助的策略对MXene 废渣 进行再剥离，大大降低了加工成本，提高了 MXene 的化学稳定性。更重要的是，这项工作 为 MXene 复合材料的商业化开辟了新的方向，有助于进一步提升MXene 基材料的实际 应用。

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Acknowledgements

This work is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52102470), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK20200047), General Project of Natural Science Research in Jiangsu Universities (22KJB15003), Scientific Research Project for Doctor Degree Teachers of Jiangsu Normal University (21XSRX003). 

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  1. School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China

    Peng Liu, Zhi-Hao Zhu, Wen Zhang, Jia-Yi Liu, Zhong Su & Chao Lai

  2. School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China

    Xin-Hua Liu & Shi-Chun Yang

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Liu, P., Zhu, ZH., Zhang, W. et al. Shearing-force-driven delamination of waste residue into oxidatively stable MXene composites for high-performance Si anode. Rare Met. 42, 2226–2237 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-022-02182-z

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