Skip to main content
Log in

Friction and wear properties of PM cam materials with different boron contents

  • Published:
Rare Metals Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this study, effects of B addition on the sintering densification, microstructure, hardness, friction and wear properties of sintered Fe-2.4C-4Cr-1Mo-0.5P-0.7Si-2.5Cu (in wt%) were investigated. In spite of the decreased sintered density, the addition of B changes the phase composition of the materials and their ratio. Moreover, hardness of either the matrix or the liquid solidification structure dramatically increases. These changes in microstructure result in higher friction coefficient and lower wear loss. It is observed that the addition of 0.1 wt%B offers the optimum friction and wear properties with a running-in period of only 30 s and wear volume loss of 0.006 mm3 under the testing conditions. Such friction and wear properties are superior to those of the other two widely used cam materials, cast iron and 45 steel.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Bayrakceken H, Ucun I, Tasgetiren S. Fracture analysis of a camshaft made from nodular cast iron. Eng Fail Anal. 2006;13(8):1240.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Dobrenizki L, Tremmel S, Wartzack S, Hoffmann DC, Brögelmann T, Bobzin K, Bagcivan N, Musayev Y, Hosenfeldt T. Efficiency improvement in automobile bucket tappet/camshaft contacts by DLC coatings-influence of engine oil, temperature and camshaft speed. Surf Coat Technol. 2016;31(12):360.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Wang YM. Simulation analysis of knurling connection progress and technological parameters for assembled camshaft. Changchun: Jilin University; 2015. 2.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Lin DY, Hou BJ, Lan CC. A balancing cam mechanism for minimizing the torque fluctuation of engine camshafts. Mech Mach Theory. 2016;95(9):160.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Liu KM, Zhang YL, Kang LP, Chen ZB, Wei SY, Zou J, Hu Q. Present situation and progress of cast iron camshaft. Jiangxi Sci. 2011;29(5):616.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Scherzer R, Silbermann CB, Landgraf R, Ihlemann J. FE-simulation of the Presta joining process for assembled camshafts–modelling of the joining process. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng. 2017;181(1):1.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Wang B, Zhou LM, Mao SN. Key technology of engine camshaft manufacturing. Automob Sci Technol. 2017;1(1):60.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Song RH, Zhao BG, Liu M, Kong DJ. High temperature wear properties of FeCrBSi alloy coating by high velocity oxygen fuel. Chin J Rare Met. 2016;40(8):763.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Karamis MB, Yildizli K. Surface modification of nodular cast iron: a comparative study on graphite elimination. Mater Sci Eng A. 2010;527(20):5225.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Shen BL, Li L, Zhang H. Effect of carbon content on bending deformation and porosity of TU5JP4 chilled grey cast iron camshaft. China Foundry Mach Technol. 2012;46(6):7.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Shen BL, Gao J, Wang YR, Li L, Yue CL, Gao ZW, Yang Q, Fu ZX, Zeng Y, Shen XH. Influence of QPQ composite salt bath treating on wear resistance of alloyed gray iron for camshaft. Modern Cast Iron. 2008;28(3):74.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Xu XL, Yu ZW, Guo XY. Wear failure of truck diesel engine tappets. Eng Fail Anal. 2011;18(3):1134.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Ding YX. Research on laser surface hardening experiment for austenite-bainite nodular-iron camshaft of diesel locomotive. Hot Work Technol. 2007;36(22):76.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Li YY, Liu YB, Cao ZY. Effect of Cr content on tribological behavior of P/M cam materials. Heat Treat Met. 2007;32(8):44.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Liang XB, Li G, Wang LS, Qi HM, Wang LM, Wang L, Fang Z. Study on friction and wear properties of powder metallurgy sinter hardening cam material. Powder Metall Technol. 2015;33(2):83.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Su BW. Influence of phosphorous and boron on the tribological properties of PM iron-based sintered materials. Hefei: Hefei University of Technology; 2013. 21.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Jia J, Lu ZY, Liu WC. A study on the surface alloying for the camshaft of steel 45. J Shanxi Univ. 1999;22(1):26.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Yao ZJ, Liu WJ, Kong GP. Industrialization research of laser strengthening for air-cooled diesel engine 45# steel cam shaft. Diesel Engine. 2001;22(5):34.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Zou CS, Zhang WG, Wang L, Song HY. Research on cam & tappet friction and wear test method. Lubr Oil. 2013;28(5):41.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Sanmiguel RE, Hidalgo MM. Cam mechanisms based on a double roller translating follower of negative radius. Mech Mach Theory. 2016;95(10):93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Bayrakceken H, Ucun I, Tasgetiren S. Fracture analysis of a camshaft made from nodular cast iron. Eng Fail Anal. 2006;13(8):1240.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Shi XL. A research on shape control of hard phases and properties improvement for a Fe-Cr-B-C system high boron iron based alloy. Kunming: Kunming University of Science and Technology; 2016. 20.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Wan BC. Effect of copper on phosphorus, boron iron-based powder metallurgy friction and wear performance. Hefei: Hefei University of Technology; 2014. 35.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Hu D. Role of boron in TiAl alloy development: a review. Rare Met. 2016;35(1):1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Wen JK, Chen BW, Shang H, Zhang GC. Research progress in biohydrometallurgy of rare metals and heavy nonferrous metals with an emphasis on China. Rare Met. 2016;35(6):433.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Zhao W, Liu Y, Li J, Wang RQ, Qiu YC. Microstructure and magnetic properties of hot-deformed anisotropic Nd–Fe–B magnets prepared from amorphous precursors with different crystallization proportions. Rare Met. 2017;36(4):268.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Wang YP, Jia CC, Qu XH. The characteristics and the research status of powder metallurgy camshafts. Powder Metall Technol. 2011;29(4):300.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Yi DQ, Huang L, Li J, Jiang YY, Peng ZW. Sliding friction properties of WC-Ni/SiC friction couple. J Central South Univ (Sci Technol). 2009;40(1):99.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Wei J, Cui GJ. Friction and wear behavior of Fe–Cr–B alloys in liquid paraffin oil. J Tribol. 2014;137(3):223.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Dong WL. Temperature measurement of sliding friction pairs and analysis of scuffing. Chongqing: Chongqing University; 1999. 40.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Jin ZM, Shao HS. The study on formation process of three kinds of the typical abrasive debris. J Solid Lubr. 1991;11(03):151.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Zhang P. Wear properties of gray cast iron processed by laser bionic coupling technique after thermal fatigue. Changchun: Jilin University; 2014. 60.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Cheng WC, Cao XJ, Zhou D. Measurement of improving hardness and wear-ability of cam. Mater Heat Treat. 2008;37(2):95.

    Google Scholar 

  34. He J. Study on wear resistance of austenitic-bainitic ductile iron. Chongqing: Chongqing University; 2005. 70.

    Google Scholar 

  35. George S, Balla S, Gautam M. Effect of diesel soot contaminated oil on engine wear. Tribol Int. 2007;262(9):1113.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by the National High-tech R&D Program (No. 2013AA031101), the Major Science and Technology Projects (No. 2012ZX04009011) and the Technology Project of Huairou District in Beijing (No. 2017-8).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shao-Ming Zhang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Wang, R., Wang, LS., Liang, XB. et al. Friction and wear properties of PM cam materials with different boron contents. Rare Met. 42, 4255–4263 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-018-1127-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-018-1127-6

Keywords

Navigation