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A case of severe stenosis of hepatic veins and inferior vena cava with stomal variceal bleeding induced by oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy

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Abstract

A 27-year-old woman with colon cancer and liver metastasis was referred to our hospital. Colectomy and colostomy were performed to improve her ileus. Following 13 sessions of oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy (OC) with mFOLFOX6 + bevacizumab, thrombocytopenia and frequent peristomal bleeding occurred. Computed tomography showed severe ascites, splenomegaly, significant collateral veins around the stoma, and severe stenosis of the hepatic veins (HV) and inferior vena cava (IVC). Ultrasound elastography showed high liver (and spleen) stiffness values. Repeated OC appeared to cause IVC stenosis as a result of worsening sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS), and peristomal variceal bleeding. After ultrasound-guided percutaneous embolization, bleeding did not recur. Unfortunately, the patient died of liver dysfunction caused by severe SOS. The incidence of OC-induced SOS is reported to be about 50%; however, there is apparently no report of OC-induced HV and IVC stenosis, and in most cases, portal hypertension is improved after OC cessation. This is the first report of OC-induced severe HV and IVC stenosis resulting in refractory peristomal variceal bleeding and eventual death.

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Abbreviations

OC:

Oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy

HV:

Hepatic veins

IVC:

Inferior vena cava

SOS:

Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome

CT:

Computed tomography

GVHD:

Graft versus host disease

US:

Ultrasound

MMP:

Matrix metalloproteinase

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

BCS:

Budd–Chiari syndrome

RHV:

Right hepatic vein

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Acknowledgements

We thank Dr. Edward Barroga (http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8920-2607), Associate Professor and Senior Medical Editor from the Department of International Medical Communications of Tokyo Medical University for reviewing and editing the manuscript. This case report was partly supported by a Health Labour Sciences Research Grant from Research on Measures for Intractable Diseases and the Intractable Hepato-Biliary Diseases Study Group in Japan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan

    Hayato Yamaguchi, Yoshihiro Furuichi, Yoshitaka Kasai, Hirohito Takeuchi, Yuu Yoshimasu, Katsutoshi Sugimoto, Ikuo Nakamura & Takao Itoi

Authors
  1. Hayato Yamaguchi
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  2. Yoshihiro Furuichi
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  3. Yoshitaka Kasai
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  4. Hirohito Takeuchi
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  5. Yuu Yoshimasu
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  6. Katsutoshi Sugimoto
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  7. Ikuo Nakamura
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  8. Takao Itoi
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Contributions

HY (drafting of the manuscript, literature search, data collection, figures, performing chemotherapy and endoscopy); YF (drafting the manuscript, figures, table, data interpretation, concept design, performing IVR); YK (CT images and data collection); HT and YY (performing IVR, exploration of medical record); KS and IN (literature search, performing ultrasonography); TI (concept design)

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yoshihiro Furuichi.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Financial support

This study was partly supported by a Health and Labour Sciences Research Grant from the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare for Research on Intractable Diseases and Portal Hemodynamic Abnormalities.

Human rights

All procedures followed have been performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from all patients for being included in the study.

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Yamaguchi, H., Furuichi, Y., Kasai, Y. et al. A case of severe stenosis of hepatic veins and inferior vena cava with stomal variceal bleeding induced by oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy. Clin J Gastroenterol 11, 150–155 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12328-017-0814-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12328-017-0814-4

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