Abstract
It is important to have a short period of fresh seed dormancy in some of the groundnut species to counter pre-harvest sprouting (PHS). One of the main causes of PHS is the activation of ethylene-mediated pathways. To determine the effect of ethylene, the study was conducted and alterations in amylase, proteins and fatty acids were observed at the 0, 6, 12, and 24 h stages after ethrel administration. The result showed an increase in amylase activity, and the fatty acids profile showed a unique alteration pattern at different germination stages. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DGE) revealed differential expression of proteins at each stage. The trypsin digestion following spectral development through UPLC-MS/MS enabled identification of number of differentially expressed proteins. A total of 49 proteins were identified from 2DGE excised spots. The majority were belonged to seed storage-related proteins like Arah1, Arah2, AAI- domain containing protein, conglutin, Arah3/4, arachin, glycinin. Expression of lipoxygenase1, lipoxygenase9 and Arah2 genes were further confirmed by qRT-PCR which showed its involvement at transcript level. Up-regulation of lipoxygenase9 is correlated with decreased content of fatty acids during germination. Phytohormone detection revealed decrease in ABA, SA and JA content which are generally inhibitor of seed germination while GA, IAA and kinetin concentration increased revealing positive regulation of seed germination. We present an integrated view of proteomics, phytohormone profile, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism to unravel mechanism of fresh seed dormancy.
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Acknowledgements
First author thankfully acknowledges the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India, for awarding a fellowship to pursue Ph.D. programme in Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology. The authors are also grateful to the Professor and Head, Department of Biotechnology, JAU, Junagadh and the Director, ICAR-DGR, Junagadh, for providing necessary facilities to conduct research work. The authors would also like to thank Dr. A. L. Rathnakumar, Principal Scientist, ICAR-DGR, Junagadh, for providing groundnut seed samples.
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The authors declare that no external funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript. This work was carried out as a part of Ph.D. research work and fund was given by the Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh.
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HAC: Acquisitions of the research work and drafted the manuscript. MKM: Conceptualize research work, editing of the manuscript and overall supervision of the project. VA, NR, PU: assisted in research work and data analysis. RST, SS: Methodology and interpretation of results, LKT: fatty acid analysis and result interpretation. GK: Selection of genotypes and germination test, AS and AP UPLC ESI–MS/MS analysis of peptides. All authors read and approved the final draft.
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Chaudhari, H.A., Mahatma, M.K., Antala, V. et al. Ethrel-induced release of fresh seed dormancy causes remodelling of amylase activity, proteomics, phytohormone and fatty acid profile of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Physiol Mol Biol Plants 29, 829–842 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-023-01332-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-023-01332-6