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Deciphering distinct biological control and growth promoting potential of multi-stress tolerant Bacillus subtilis PM32 for potato stem canker

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Abstract

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) represent a set of microorganisms that play significant role in improving plant growth and controlling the phytopathogens. Unpredictable performance after the application of PGPR has been observed when these were shifted from in-vitro to in-vivo conditions due to the prevalence of various abiotic stress conditions. During growing period, the potato crop is subjected to a combination of biotic and abiotic stresses. Rhizoctonia solani, a soil-borne plant pathogen, causes reduced vigor and yield of potato crop worldwide. In the current study, multi-stress-tolerant rhizobacterial strain, Bacillus subtilis PM32, was isolated from field-grown potato with various plant growth promoting (PGP) traits including zinc and potassium solubilization, biological nitrogen fixation, ammonia and siderophore, as well as extracellular enzyme productions (cellulase, catalase, amylase, protease, pectinase, and chitinase). The strain PM32 exhibited a distinct potential to support plant growth by demonstrating production of indole-3-acetic acid (102.6 μM/mL), ACC-deaminase activity (1.63 μM of α-ketobutyrate/h/mg protein), and exopolysaccharides (2.27 mg/mL). By retarding mycelial growth of R. solani the strain PM32 drastically reduced pathogenicity of R. solani. The strain PM32 also suppressed the pathogenic activity significantly by impeding mycelial expansion of R. solani with inhibition co-efficient of 49.87. The B. subtilis PM32 also depicted significant tolerance towards salt, heavy metal (Pb), heat and drought stress. PCR based amplification of ituC and acds genes coding for iturin and ACC-deaminase activity respectively indicated potential of strain PM32 for lipopeptides production and ACC deaminase enzyme activity. Results of both in-vitro and pot experiments under greenhouse conditions depicted the efficiency of B. subtilis PM32 as a promising bio-control agent for R. solani infection together with enhanced growth of potato plants as deciphered from biomass accumulation, chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoid contents. Therefore, it was envisioned that application of indigenous multi-stress tolerant PGPR may serve to induce biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in crops/plants for pathogen control and sustainable global food supply.

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Acknowledgements

We are thankful towards National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), Islamabad, Pakistan to provide space for cultivation of potato plants to carry out the experimental work. We are grateful to Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad for providing funds (URF-2019).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan

    Shehzad Mehmood, Najeeba Paree Pakar, Hina Ali Abbasi, Muhammad Farooq Hussain Munis & Hassan Javed Chaudhary

  2. Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan

    Shehzad Mehmood & Muhammad Tahir

  3. International Magnesium Institute, College of Resource and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou City, China

    Muhammad Atif Muneer

  4. Department of Plant Pathology, Federal University of Lavras, CP3037,37200-900, Lavras M.G, Brazil

    Muhammad Siddique Afridi

  5. Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan

    Muhammad Tariq Javed

  6. Department of Agriculture, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan

    Tariq Mahmood

  7. Department of Bioinformatics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan

    Tariq Mahmood

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Mehmood, S., Muneer, M.A., Tahir, M. et al. Deciphering distinct biological control and growth promoting potential of multi-stress tolerant Bacillus subtilis PM32 for potato stem canker. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 27, 2101–2114 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-021-01067-2

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