Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Statistical experimental design optimization of rhamsan gum production by Sphingomonas sp. CGMCC 6833

  • Microbial Physiology and Biochemistry
  • Published:
Journal of Microbiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Rhamsan gum is a type of water-soluble exopolysaccharide produced by species of Sphingomonas bacteria. The optimal fermentation medium for rhamsan gum production by Sphingomonas sp. CGMCC 6833 was explored definition. Single-factor experiments indicate that glucose, soybean meal, K2HPO4 and MnSO4 compose the optimal medium along with and initial pH 7.5. To discover ideal cultural conditions for rhamsan gum production in a shake flask culture, response surface methodology was employed, from which the following optimal ratio was derived: 5.38 g/L soybean meal, 5.71 g/L K2HPO4 and 0.32 g/L MnSO4. Under ideal fermentation rhamsan gum yield reached 19.58 g/L ± 1.23 g/L, 42.09% higher than that of the initial medium (13.78 g/L ± 1.38 g/L). Optimizing the fermentation medium results in enhanced rhamsan gum production.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Allen, F.L., Best, G.H., and Linfroth, T.A. 1991. Welan gum in cement compositions. US Patent 5004506.

    Google Scholar 

  • Arockiasamy, S. and Banik, R.M. 2008. Optimization of gellan gum production by Sphingomonas paucimobilis ATCC 31461 with nonionic surfactants using central composite design. J. Biosci. Bioeng. 105, 204–210.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bajaj, I.B., Saudagar, P.S., Singhal, R.S., and Pandey, A. 2006. Statistical approach to optimization of fermentative production of gellan gum from Sphingomonas paucimobilis ATCC 31461. J. Biosci. Bioeng. 102, 150–156.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bajaj, I. and Singhal, R. 2007. Gellan gum for reducing oil uptake in sev, a legume based product during deep-fat frying. Food Chem. 104, 1472–1477.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Banik, R.M., Kanari, B., and Upadhyay, S.N. 2000. Exopolysaccharide of the gellan family: prospects and potential. World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 16, 407–414.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Coviello, T., Dentini, M., Rambone, G., Desideri, P., Carafa, M., Murtas, E., Riccieria, F.M., and Alhaiquea, F. 1998. A novel cocrosslinked polysaccharide: Studies for a controlled delivery matrix. J. Control. Release 55, 57–66.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dennis, H.H., Thomas, O.M., and Paul, S. 1991. Oil reservoir permeability profile control with crosslinked welan gum biopolymers. US Patent 4981520.

    Google Scholar 

  • Epstein, W. 2003. The roles and regulation of potassium in bacteria. Prog. Nucleic Acid Res. Mol. Biol. 75, 293–320.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Freitas, F., Alves, V.D., Pais, J., Costa, N., Oliveira, C., Mafra, L., Hilliou, L., Oliveira, R., and Reis, M.A.M. 2009. Characterization of an extracellular polysaccharide produced by a Pseudomonas strain grown on glycerol. Bioresour. Technol. 100, 859–865.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hagiwara, A., Imai, N., Doi, Y., Sano, M., Tamano, S., Omoto, T., Asai, I., Yasuhara, K., and Hayashi, S.M. 2010. Ninety-day oral toxicity study of rhamsan gum, a natural food thickener produced from Sphingomonas ATCC 31961, in Crl:CD(SD)IGS rats. J. Toxicol. Sci. 35, 493–501.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jafarzade, M., Yahya, N.A., Shayesteh, F., Usup, G., and Ahmad, A. 2013. Influence of culture conditions and medium composition on the production of antibacterial compounds by marine Serratia sp. WPRA3. 2013. J. Microbiol. 51, 373–379.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jerry, A.P., Suzanna, M.S., and Harold, R.H. 1983. Heteropolysac-charide S-194. US Patent 4401760.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jin, H., Lee, N.K., Shin, M.K., Kim, S.K., Kaplan, D.L., and Lee, J.W. 2003. Production of gellan gum by Sphingomonas paucimobilis NK2000 with soybean pomace. Biochem. Eng. J. 16, 357–360.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kang, K.S. and Pettitt, D.J. 1993. Xanthan, Gellan, Welan, and Rhamsan, pp. 341–397, In BeMiller, J.N. and Whistler, R.L. (eds.), Industrial Gums: Polysaccharides and Their Derivatives, Academic Press Inc, San Diego, USA.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Li, H., Xu, H., Xu, H., Li, S., and Ouyang, P.K. 2010. Biosynthetic pathway of sugar nucleotides essential for welan gum production in Alcaligenes sp. CGMCC2428. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 86, 295–303.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Li, H., Xu, H., Xu, H., Li, S., Ying, H.J., and Ouyang, P.K. 2011. Enhanced welan gum production using a two-stage agitation speed control strategy in Alcaligenes sp. CGMCC2428. Bioproc. Biosyst. Eng. 34, 95–102.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lobas, D., Schumpe, S., and Deckwer, W.D. 1992. The production of gellan polysaccharide with Sphingomonas paucimobilis E2 (DSM 6314). Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 37, 411–415.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Monot, F. and Quinn, F.X. 1996. Method and medium for producing gellan in the presence of manganese. WO 96/41890.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morrison, N.A., Clark, R.C., Chen, Y.L., Talashek, T., and Sworn, G. 1999. Gelatin alternatives for the food industry. Prog. Colloid Polym. Sci. 114, 127–131.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Paula, M.D., Goissis, G., and Martins, V.C.A. 2007. Rheological behavior of anionic collagen injectable gels in the presence of rhamsan for plastic surgery applications. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. M. 18, 1683–1690.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Plank, J. 2004. Applications of biopolymers and other biotechnological products in building materials. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 66, 1–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pollock, T.J. 2002. Sphingan group of exopolysaccharides (EPS), vol. 5, pp. 239–258 in Biopolymers, In Vandamme, E.J., DeBaets, S., and Steinbuchel, A. (eds.), Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Seo, M.J., Kim, M.J., Lee, H.H., Kim, S.R., Kang, B.W., Park, J.U., Rhu, E.J., Choi, Y.H., and Jeong, Y.K. 2010. Initial acidic pH is critical for mycelial cultures and functional exopolysaccharide production of an edible mushroom, Laetiporus sulphureus var. miniatus JM 27. J. Microbiol. 48, 881–884.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Utter, M.F. and Werkman, C.H. 1942. Effect of metal ions on the reaction of phosphopyuvate by Escherichia coli. J. Biol. Chem. 146, 289–300.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vercaemer, C.J., Davies, S.N., Pafitis, D.G., Maintland, G.C., and Poyet, J.P. 1997. Selective zonal isolation of oil wells. US Patent 5697441.

    Google Scholar 

  • Xu, H., Jiang, M., Li, H., Lu, D.Q., and Ouyang, P.K. 2005. Efficient production of poly(γ-glutamic acid) by newly isolated Bacillus subtilis NX-2. Proc. Biochem. 40, 519–523.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Xu, H., Xu, X.Y., Dong, S.H., Li, S., and Liang, J.F. 2012. A kind of Sphingomonas sp. and its application in the production of rhamsan gum. China Patent 201210504461.3.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yoon, S., Hong, E., Kim, S., Lee, P., Kim, M., Yang, H., and Ryu, Y. 2012. Optimization of culture medium for enhanced production of exopolysaccharide from Aureobasidium pullulans. Bioprocess Biosyst. Eng. 35, 167–192.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Grain and Oil Quality Control and Further Processing Technology, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China

    Xiao-Ying Xu & Ding Wu

  2. State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China

    Xiao-Ying Xu, Shu-Hao Dong, Sha Li, Xiao-Ye Chen & Hong Xu

Authors
  1. Xiao-Ying Xu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Shu-Hao Dong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Sha Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Xiao-Ye Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Ding Wu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Hong Xu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hong Xu.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Xu, XY., Dong, SH., Li, S. et al. Statistical experimental design optimization of rhamsan gum production by Sphingomonas sp. CGMCC 6833. J Microbiol. 53, 272–278 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-015-3662-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-015-3662-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation