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Ultrathin polyimide-based composites with efficient low-reflectivity electromagnetic shielding and infrared stealth performance

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Abstract

Researching and manufacturing materials that possess both electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and infrared stealth capabilities is of great significance. Herein, an ultrathin polyimide-based nonwoven fabric with low-reflection EMI shielding/infrared stealth performance is successfully fabricated by in-situ loading of Fe3O4/Ag nanoparticles on the surface of polyimide (PI) fiber (PFA), and followed by bonding with a commercial Cu/Ni mesh. The synergistic assembly of PFA and Cu/Ni promotes the rational construction of hierarchical impedance matching, inducing electromagnetic waves (EMW) to enter the composite and be dissipated as much as possible. Meanwhile, the existence of Cu/Ni mesh on back of PFA facilitates the formation of electromagnetic resonance and destructive interference of EMW reflected from composite, leading to a lower-reflectivity (0.26) EMI shielding performance of 58 dB within 24–40 GHz at a thinner thickness (430 µm). More importantly, the fluffy PFA nonwoven fabric and metal Cu/Ni mesh endow composite with good thermal insulation and low infrared emissivity, resulting in excellent infrared stealth performance in various environments. As a result, such excellent compatibility makes it possible to become a promising defense material to be applied in military tent for preventing electromagnetic and infrared radiation.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful for the financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 52373077, 52003106, and 52161135302), the Research Foundation Flanders (No. G0F2322N), Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (No. SJCX23_1236), and the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (No. 2021-01-07-00-03-E00108).

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  1. Xu Zhao and Xinwei Tang contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, International Joint Research Laboratory for Nano Energy Composites, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China

    Xu Zhao, Xinwei Tang, Yunlong Qiao, Shuangshuang Li, Zihang Zhang, Yezi Lu, Mingyang Zhu, Zicheng Wang & Tianxi Liu

  2. Guizhou Aerospace Wujiang Electro-mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd., No. 20-5, Dalian Road Aerospace Industrial Park, Huichuan District, Zunyi, 563000, China

    Zaiyin Hu

  3. School of Materials and Architectural Engineering, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China

    Lijuan Long

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Ultrathin polyimide-based composites with efficient low-reflectivity electromagnetic shielding and infrared stealth performance

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Zhao, X., Tang, X., Qiao, Y. et al. Ultrathin polyimide-based composites with efficient low-reflectivity electromagnetic shielding and infrared stealth performance. Nano Res. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-024-6650-1

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