Abstract
The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are the main mechanism of global appeal and action regarding the attainment of sustainability, with a focus on environmental, social, and economic dimensions. Ethnobotany can make relevant contributions to the pursuit and achievement of the SDGs due to its interdisciplinary nature and ability to give visibility to the worldviews, knowledge, and practices of Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities (IPLC). Although the primary focus of ethnobotany is the investigation of the plant-related knowledge and practices of different groups, including IPLC, with an emphasis on the environmental dimension, the appreciation of biocultural diversity cannot be decoupled from social and economic contexts. In this study, we evaluated how the Brazilian ethnobotanical literature has contributed to the sustainability debate through the SDGs. We conducted two systematic reviews of the ethnobotanical literature: first, a broad review of 810 articles identified using keywords related to each of the 17 SDGs; and second, an in-depth analysis of 45 indicators related to the 17 SDGs in 23 articles that mentioned sustainability or sustainable development. In both reviews, we found the most results for SDG 15 (life on land), indicating that environmental sustainability is strongly connected to ethnobotanical studies. We also identified information that explored the social and economic dimensions of sustainability through SDG 1 (no poverty), SDG 2 (zero hunger), SDG 4 (quality education), SDG 5 (gender equity), SDG 8 (decent work and economic growth), and SDG 9 (innovation and infrastructure). We discuss gaps and opportunities to be explored by ethnobotany and conclude that the connections between ethnobotany and the SDGs can be reinforced. This would improve the ability of ethnobotanical studies to effectively contribute to the political aspect of the 2030 agenda through appreciation of and respect for traditional knowledge and practices of IPLC and their active participation in the sustainability debate.
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Acknowledgements
We thank the Service of Competence to Information and Research Support of the University Library of the Federal University of Santa Catarina; M. C. Gonçalves and B. Morais for helping in the literature organization. We thank the anonymous reviewers of the previous version of this manuscript for their insightful suggestions and criticism.
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Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel, Brazil (CAPES) Finance Code 001 (PAF master’s scholarship) and National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for NH research grant (305789/2022–1).
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All authors contributed equally to the conception, planning, and execution of this article. The individual contributions of each author are as follows. Ferrari A. P. contributed to the design and development of the research, data collection, data analysis, interpretation of results, writing of the manuscript, and preparation of tables and figures. Zank S. provided supervision and guidance at all stages of the research, contributed to design and development, data analysis, interpretation of results, and manuscript review. Hanazaki N. provided supervision and guidance at all stages of the research, contributed to design and development, data analysis, interpretation of results, manuscript review, and corrections. All authors reviewed and approved the final version of the article and agreed to be responsible for all aspects of the work, ensuring its accuracy and integrity.
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Ethical and legal procedures associated with a secondary data survey were followed. According to the guidelines of the Brazilian legislation on access and benefit sharing, law 13.123/15, the research was registered in SisGen under the register number AC62ED7.
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Ferrari, P.A., Zank, S. & Hanazaki, N. Unraveling Sustainability in Brazilian Ethnobotany: An Analysis of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Econ Bot (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12231-023-09597-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12231-023-09597-4