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Exceptional Potato Clones Selected by Filipino Farmers from True Potato Seed: Status after 30 Years

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Abstract

In a remote mountainous region of the Philippines, farmers selected their own clones from hybrid True Potato Seed (TPS) populations and have maintained them for 30 years without public support. In 1985, the International Potato Center (CIP) initiated on-farm TPS research in the Mount Kanlaon area to help farmers control or reduce the rates of bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. Seedlings were either grown in nursery beds or as transplants in the field. At harvest, farmers not only harvested their crop for either food or for sale but also selected their preferred clones. A survey conducted in 2016 showed that farmers are still growing potato clones selected from TPS and that these clones had spread to numerous areas within and around Mount Kanlaon. Farmers kept these clones because it was profitable because they required minimum inputs and their resistance to various pests and diseases and adverse weather conditions. ELISA tests showed that these clones have excellent virus resistance which partially explains why these clones have been growing for 30 years without a formal seed production program or any government support. Parents used to develop the TPS hybrids included those with virus and R. solanacearum resistance.

Resumen

En una región remota montañosa de Filipinas, los agricultores seleccionaron sus propios clones de híbridos de poblaciones de semilla verdadera de papa (TPS) y los han mantenido por 30 años sin respaldo público. En 1985, el Centro Internacional de la Papa (CIP) inició investigación con TPS en el campo, en el área de Monte Kanlaon, para ayudar a los productores a controlar o a reducir los niveles de la marchites bacteriana causada por Ralstonia solanacearum. Las plántulas se cultivaron ya en camas de vivero o como trasplantes en el campo. A la cosecha, los agricultores no solo cosecharon su cultivo para alimento o para venta, sino que también seleccionaron sus clones preferidos. Una encuesta conducida en 2016 mostró que los productores están aún cultivando clones de papa seleccionados de TPS, y que esos clones se han dispersado a numerosas áreas dentro y alrededor del Monte Kanlaon. Los agricultores mantuvieron esos clones porque eran rentables a pesar de los mínimos insumos y por su resistencia a varias plagas y enfermedades y a condiciones climáticas adversas. Las pruebas de ELISA mostraron que estos clones tienen excelente resistencia a virus, lo cual parcialmente explica porque estos clones se han estado cultivando por 30 años sin un programa formal de producción de semilla o algún respaldo gubernamental. Los padres utilizados para desarrollar estos híbridos de TPS incluían a aquellos con resistencia a virus y a Rs.

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Acknowledgements

To CIP for providing the genetic material and support for this research work. To Mr. Bianito Susana for his tireless support to the farmers and to all the respondents in this study. To Hao Dahai and Tan Wei of Yunnan Normal University, China for the ELISA testing of these clones.

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Correspondence to Peter VanderZaag.

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Demonteverde, V.E., Brillo, J.M., Demonteverde, J.R. et al. Exceptional Potato Clones Selected by Filipino Farmers from True Potato Seed: Status after 30 Years. Am. J. Potato Res. 95, 199–204 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-018-9631-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-018-9631-7

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