Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a technique that may offer high-resolution separations in complex matrices with a short analysis time. It generally employs straightforward sample preparation protocols and requires low amounts of sample and reagents, which follows the green chemistry concept. This review presents several methods developed within the 2010s decade, aiming simpler and faster food analyses in the determination of lipids applying CE. It summarizes sample preparation protocols, background electrolyte, and instrumental conditions optimized in each method. Different CE modes and detection systems are discussed, as well as figures of merit of the developed analytical methods. Moreover, it approaches significant challenges involved with lipid assay by CE and opportunities for innovation in the lipid research.
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Abbreviations
- C4D:
-
Capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection
- CE:
-
Capillary electrophoresis
- CEC:
-
Capillary electrochromatography
- CZE:
-
Capillary zone electrophoresis
- CD-MEKC:
-
Cyclodextrin modified micellar electrokinetic chromatography
- CD-CZE:
-
Cyclodextrin modified capillary zone electrophoresis
- μEOF :
-
Electroosmotic mobility
- μe :
-
Electrophoretic mobility
- FAs:
-
Fatty acids
- GLs:
-
Glycerolipids
- GPs:
-
Glycerophospholipids
- MS:
-
Mass spectrometry
- MEKC:
-
Micellar electrokinetic chromatography
- MEEKC:
-
Microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography
- NACE:
-
Non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis
- PF-MEKC:
-
Partial-filling micellar electrokinetic chromatography
- PKs:
-
Polyketides
- PRs:
-
Prenols
- SLs:
-
Saccharolipids
- SPs:
-
Sphingolipids
- STs:
-
Sterols
- UV:
-
Ultraviolet
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This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001 and Project PNPD 23071022702/2018-43), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq (Projects 303355/2017-4 and 424032/2018-0), Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica – INCTBio (Projects FAPESP 2014/50867-3 and CNPq 465,389/2014-7), Financiadora de Inovação e Pesquisa – FINEP (Project CT-INFRA 01/2013-REF 0633/13), and Rede Mineira de Química - RQ-MG (Project CEX.RED- 00010-14).
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Tatiane Lima Amorim declares that she has no conflict of interest. Marcone Augusto Leal de Oliveira declares that he has no conflict of interest.
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Amorim, T.L., de Oliveira, M.A.L. Advances in Lipid Capillary Electromigration Methods to Food Analysis Within the 2010s Decade. Food Anal. Methods 13, 1503–1522 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-020-01772-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-020-01772-w