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Biogas Production and Microbial Communities in the Anaerobic Digestion of Sewage Sludge Under Hydrothermal Pretreatment with Air and a Catalyst

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Abstract

Hydrothermal pretreatment (HTP) of sewage sludge (SS) has been shown to improve the subsequent biogas production by anaerobic digestion (AD), but the effect of catalysts on HTP performance was less explored. This study intended to investigate the SS pretreatment by wet air oxidation (WAO) with the addition of K2CO3 as a catalyst on the performance of methane production by AD. WAO was found to improve the solubilization of SS, the soluble chemical oxygen demand, dissolved organic carbon, and total dissolved nitrogen. The methane yield from WAO increased from 202 mL/gVSin with no catalyst added to 277 mL/gVSin with 10 wt% of K2CO3 added at 180 °C with 30 min of residence time. Under this pretreatment condition, the highest methane production rate could achieve 15.8 mL/gVSin day, and the percentage of methane reached 73%. The structure of the microbial community involved in the AD was affected by the residence time, working gas, and catalyst of the HTP process. The results showed that Bacteroidetes, Bacteroidia, and SC103 were the dominant phylum, class, and genus of bacteria, respectively, of almost all of the samples. In addition, the most abundant archaeal order was Methanosarcinales, while Methanosaeta was the dominant archaeal genus of most of the samples. However, Methanosarcina largely increased the relative abundance, corresponding to the amount of K2CO3 catalyst used. The findings in this study demonstrated the potential use of K2CO3 during WAO of SS and implied the link between shift of methanogen community and the enhanced methane yield in AD.

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Abbreviations

AD:

Anaerobic digestion

AS:

Anaerobic sludge

CH4 :

Methane

COD:

Chemical oxygen demand

CO2 :

Carbon dioxide

DI:

De-ionized

DGGE:

Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis

DOC:

Dissolved organic carbon

FISH:

Fluorescent in situ hybridization

HTP:

Hydrothermal pretreatment

N2 :

Nitrogen

OTU:

Operational taxonomic units

PCR:

Polymerase chain reaction

RT:

Reaction time

RT-PCR:

Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction

SCOD:

Soluble chemical oxygen demand

SS:

Sewage sludge

TDN:

Total dissolved nitrogen

TH:

Thermal hydrolysis

TS:

Total solids

VFAs:

Volatile fatty acids

VS:

Volatile solids

VSR:

Volatile solids reduction

WAO:

Wet air oxidation

WO:

Wet oxidation

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Acknowledgments

The authors would also like to thank Dihua Wastewater Treatment Plant (Taipei, Taiwan) for providing the sludge used in the experiments.

Funding

This research was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, under grants MOST 107-2218-E-197-003 and National Taiwan University from Excellence Research Program—Core Consortiums under Higher Education Sprout Project, Ministry of Education, Taiwan (NTUCCP-109L891203). This article was also subsidized by National Taiwan University under the Excellence Improvement Program for Doctoral Students. We would like to thank the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, for providing V. T. Pham the Ph.D. scholarship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan

    Van Toi Pham, Pei-Hsun Wu, Chia-Chi Chang, Bo-Liang Liu, Ching-Yuan Chang & Chang-Ping Yu

  2. Department of Environmental Engineering, National Ilan University, Yilan, 260, Taiwan

    Chung-Yu Guan

  3. Water Innovation, Low Carbon and Environmental Sustainability Research Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan

    Chang-Ping Yu

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Pham, V.T., Wu, PH., Guan, CY. et al. Biogas Production and Microbial Communities in the Anaerobic Digestion of Sewage Sludge Under Hydrothermal Pretreatment with Air and a Catalyst. Bioenerg. Res. 14, 828–843 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-020-10199-4

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