Abstract
Logging curves are an important basis for geological development planning and hydrocarbon reserve exploration. However, in the actual logging process, there are often problems such as instrument malfunction, improper human operation and signal interference, resulting in missing or distorted logging data in a certain section. In this work, the Pearson correlation coefficients are calculated based on the actual logging data, providing empirical evidence for the correlation between the logging curves through statistical methods. Based on this, we propose a missing logging curve prediction method combining attention mechanism (Attention), convolutional neural network (CNN) and long short-term memory neural network (LSTM), and design logging curve prediction experiments and log interpretation calculation experiments. The results show that compared with the prediction results of the conventional LSTM, the absolute mean error (MAE) of the CNN-LSTM-Attention model is reduced by 57.86%, the root mean square error (RMSE) is reduced by 56.27%, and the correlation is increased by 5.40%. The constructed model has excellent performance in the prediction of logging curves. In addition, the predicted porosity of the formation interpreted by the CNN-LSTM-Attention model has less error than the true porosity calculated from the original data, and the predicted curve contains the geological characteristics of the original curve, indicating that the prediction method can be used in the field of logging interpretation.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
To obtain relevant data and materials, please contact MJ Shi.
References
Agga A, Abbou A, Labbadi M, Houm YE, Ali IHO (2022) CNN-LSTM: an efficient hybrid deep learning architecture for predicting short-term photovoltaic power production. Electr Power Syst Res 208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2022.107908
Alizadeh B, Najjari S, Kadkhodaie-Ilkhchi A (2012) Artificial neural network modeling and cluster analysis for organic facies and burial history estimation using well log data: a case study of the south pars gas field, Persian gulf. Iran Comput Geosci-uk 45:261–269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2011.11.024
Antariksa G, Muammar R, Lee J (2022) Performance evaluation of machine learning-based classification with rock-physics analysis of geological lithofacies in Tarakan Basin. Indonesia J Petrol Sci Eng 208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2021.109250
Bahrpeyma F, Golchin B, Cranganu C (2013) Fast fuzzy modelling method to estimate miss-ing logs in hydrocarbon reservoirs. J Pet Sci Eng 112:310–321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2013.11.019
Cheng C, Gao Y, Chen Y, Jiao SX, Jiang YQ, Yi JZ, Zhang L (2022) Reconstruction method of old well logging curves based on BI-LSTM model-taking Feixianguan formation in East Sichuan as an example. Coatings 12(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12020113
Gholami R, Moradzadeh A, Rasouli V, Hanachi J (2014) Shear wave velocity prediction using seismic attributes and well log data. Acta Geophysica 62(4):818–848. https://doi.org/10.2478/s11600-013-0200-7
Hadi F, Sadegh K (2016) Prediction of porosity and water saturation using pre-stack seismic attributes: a comparison of Bayesian inversion and computational intelligence methods. Comput Geosci 20(5):1075–1094. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10596-016-9577-0
He ZY, Shao HD, Zhong X, Zhao XZ (2020) Ensemble transfer CNNs driven by multi-channel signals for fault diagnosis of rotating machinery cross working conditions. Knowl-Based Syst 207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2020.106396
Hsieh B, Lewis C, Lin Z (2005) Lithology identification of aquifers from geophysical well logs and fuzzy logic analysis: Shui-Lin area. Taiwan Comput Geosci-uk 31(3):263–275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2004.07.004
Huang YF, Ye XB, Hu BR, Chen LJ (2016) Equivalent crack size model for pre-corrosion fatigue life prediction of aluminum alloy 7075-T6. Int J Fatigue 88:217–226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2016.03.035
Khan N, Rehman K (2021) Application of fuzzy logic and neural networks for porosity analysis using well log data: an example from the Chanda oil field. Northwest Pakistan Earth Sci Inform 14(4):2201–2202. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12145-021-00706-2
Liu M, Xie R, Wu S, Zhu R, Mao Z, Wang C (2018) Permeability prediction from mercury injection capillary pressure curves by partial least squares regression method in tight sandstone reservoirs. J Pet Sci Eng 169:135–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2018.05.020
Male F, Jensen JL, Lake LW (2020) Comparison of permeability predictions on cemented sa-ndstones with physics-based and machine learning approaches. J Nat Gas Sci Eng 77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2020.103244
Momber AW, Buchbach S, Plagemenn P, Marquardt T (2017) Edge coverage of organic coatings and corrosion protection over edges under simulated ballast water tank conditions. Prog Org Coat 108:90–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2017.03.016
Radwan AE, Wood DA, Radwan AA (2022) Machine learning and data-driven prediction of pore pressure from geophysical logs: a case study for the Mangahewa gas field. J Rock Mech Geotech, New Zealand. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2022.01.012
Rolon L, Mohaghegh SD, Ameri S, Gaskari R, McDaniel B (2009) Using artificial neural networks to generate synthetic well logs. J Nat Gas Sci Eng 1:118–133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2009.08.003
Salehi MM, Rahmati M, Karimnezhad M, Omidvar P (2017) Estimation of the non records logs from existing logs using artificial neural networks. Egypt J Pet 26(4):957–968. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpe.2016.11.002
Siregar I, Niu YF, Mostaghimi P, Armstrong RT (2017) Coal ash content estimation using fuzzy curves and ensemble neural networks for well log analysis. Int J Coal Geol 181:11–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2017.08.003
Wang GC, Carr TR, Ju YW, Li CF (2014) Identifying organic-rich Marcellus shale lithofacies by support vector machine classifier in the Appalachian basin. Comput Geosci 64:52–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2013.12.002
Wang K, Ma CX, Qiao YH, Lu XJ, Hao WN, Dong S (2021) A hybrid deep learning model with 1DCNN-LSTM-attention networks for short-term traffic flow prediction. Physica A 583. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2021.126293
Zerrouki AA, Aifa T, Baddari K (2014) Prediction of natural fracture porosity from well log data by means of fuzzy ranking and an artificial neural network in Hassi Messaoud oil field, Algeria. J Pet Sci Eng 115:78–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2014.01.011
Zhang DX, Chen YT, Meng J (2018) Synthetic well logs generation via recurrent neural networks. Petrol Explor Dev+ 45(4):629–639. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1876-3804(18)30068-5
Zhang G, Wang Z, Mohaghegh S, Lin C, Sun Y, Pei S (2021) Pattern visualization and understanding of machine learning models for permeability prediction in tight sandstone reservoirs. J Pet Sci Eng 200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2020.108142
Zhang XL, Sun Q, He KY, Wang ZJ, Wang J (2022) Lithology identification of logging data based on improved neighborhood rough set and AdaBoost. Earth Sci Inform 15(2):1201–1213. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12145-022-00800-z
Zhou SW, Dong DZ, Zhang JH, Zou C, Tian C, Rui Y, Liu DX, Jiao PF (2021) Optimization of key parameters for porosity measurement of shale gas reservoirs. Natural Gas Industry B 8:455–463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ngib.2021.08.004
Zoya H, Carlos T, William P (2012) Improved estimation of mineral and fluid volumetric concentrations from well logs in thinly bedded and invaded formations. Geophysics. https://doi.org/10.1190/geo2011-0454.1
Acknowledgements
This work is supported by the Sichuan Science and Technology Program (Grant: 2022YFQ0062).
Funding
This work is supported by the Sichuan Science and Technology Program (Grant: 2022YFQ0062).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
MJ Shi presented the concept and method. BH Yang was a major contributor to the writing of the manuscript. R Chen and DS Ye conducted the survey and analyzed the logging data.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
This manuscript has not been published or presented elsewhere in part or entirety and is not under consideration by another journal. There are no conflicts of interest to declare.
Additional information
Communicated by: H. Babaie
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Shi, M., Yang, B., Chen, R. et al. Logging curve prediction method based on CNN-LSTM-attention. Earth Sci Inform 15, 2119–2131 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12145-022-00864-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12145-022-00864-x