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Notes
For an early example of this argument, see Raymond, Janice, 1979.
See also Stock, Kathleen 2018.
For a discussion on experiential knowledge, see Babbitt, Susan E. 1996.
As Chamlee-Wright’s concern is more academic and focused on the institutions that are meant to maintain a healthy amount of abrasion, the solutions here do not necessarily offer guidance outside of academia. Unchecked reactions and unchecked content that characterizes much social media interaction FIX help create conditions for stereotype and bias to thrive. It is not just the echo chambers of reiterated beliefs that magnify stereotypes with little to no contact with those who are stereotyped, but persons are also disposed to a number of psychological mechanisms (such as confirmation bias) that tend to make these sorts of beliefs more recalcitrant (Baumeister and Vohs, 2007). Worse, corrections to false information may fail due to the “backfire effect” and purports to show that information that challenges one’s existing beliefs are not only met with resistance, but can cause the person to “support their original opinion even more strongly”(Nyhan and Reifler 2010, 307). It is with regard to this kind of unabated and dangerous speech that might make a good candidate to stricter forms of censorship.
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Ramsoomair, N. Sources of Self-Censorship. Soc 56, 569–576 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12115-019-00417-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12115-019-00417-x