Abstract
A rapid decline in temperature poses a major challenge for poikilothermic fish, as their entire metabolism depends on ambient temperature. The gene expression of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss having undergone such a cold shock (\(0{^{\circ }}\hbox {C}\)) was compared to a control (\(5{^{\circ }}\hbox {C}\)) in a microarray and quantitative real-time PCR based study. The tissues of gill, kidney and liver were examined. The most differently expressed genes were found in liver, many of them contributing to the network ‘cellular compromise, cellular growth and proliferation’. However, the number of genes found to be regulated at \(0{^{\circ }}\hbox {C}\) was surprisingly low. Instead of classical genes involved in temperature shock, the three genes encoding fibroblast growth factor 1 (fgf1), growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible, alpha (gadd45a) and sclerostin domain-containing protein 1 (sostdc1) were upregulated in the liver upon cold shock in two different rainbow trout strains, suggesting that these genes may be considered as general biomarkers for cold shock in rainbow trout.
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Acknowledgements
This project was funded by the European Fisheries Fund (EFF) and the Ministry of Agriculture, the Environment and Consumer Protection Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (pilot project: Rainbow trout BORN; VI-560/7308-4). Carsten Kühn is gratefully acknowledged for keeping the fish. Ingrid Hennings, Brigitte Schöpel, Luisa Falkenthal and Marlies Fuchs are acknowledged for expert technical assistance.
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Borchel, A., Verleih, M., Rebl, A. et al. Identification of genes involved in cold-shock response in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). J Genet 96, 701–706 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12041-017-0811-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12041-017-0811-x