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The Presynaptic Regulation of Dopamine and Norepinephrine Synthesis Has Dissociable Effects on Different Kinds of Cognitive Conflicts

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Abstract

Goal-directed behavior requires the ability to resolve subliminally or consciously induced response conflicts, both of which may benefit from catecholamine-induced increases in gain control. We investigated the effects of presynaptic differences in dopamine and norepinephrine synthesis with the help of the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) rs10770141 and the dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH) rs1611115, rs6271, and rs1611122 polymorphisms. Conscious and subliminal response conflicts were induced with flanker and prime distractors in (n = 207) healthy young participants while neurophysiological data (EEG) was recorded. The results demonstrated that the increased presynaptic catecholamine synthesis associated with the TH rs10770141 TT genotype improves cognitive control in case of consciously perceived (flanker) conflicts, but not in case of subliminally processed (prime) conflicts. Only norepinephrine seemed to also modulate subliminal conflict processing, as evidenced by better performance of the DBH rs1611122 CC genotype in case of high subliminal conflict load. Better performance was linked to larger conflict-induced modulations in post-response alpha band power arising from parietal and inferior frontal regions, which likely helps to suppress the processing of distracting information. In summary, presynaptic catecholamine synthesis benefits consciously perceived conflicts by improving the suppression of distracting information following a conflict. Subliminal conflicts were modulated via the same mechanism, but only by norepinephrine.

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Funding

This study was funded by a grant from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) SFB940 B8 to AS and CB.

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  1. Christian Beste and Ann-Kathrin Stock contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany

    Wiebke Bensmann, Nicolas Zink, Christian Beste & Ann-Kathrin Stock

  2. Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany

    Larissa Arning

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  1. Wiebke Bensmann
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Correspondence to Ann-Kathrin Stock.

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Bensmann, W., Zink, N., Arning, L. et al. The Presynaptic Regulation of Dopamine and Norepinephrine Synthesis Has Dissociable Effects on Different Kinds of Cognitive Conflicts. Mol Neurobiol 56, 8087–8100 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-019-01664-z

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