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Expression of COX-2 in Stomach Carcinogenesis

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Abstract

Backgrounds

Gastric cancer is a frequent cause of cancer in Brazil. The understanding of gastric carcinogenesis is not completely known but the progress of the molecular biology has provided that the initiation and progression of gastric cancer process is a consequence of a cumulative series of multiple gene alterations.

Aim

The aim of the study is to investigate the relationship among cytoplasmatic COX-1 and COX-2, Bcl-2 and nuclear P53 in chronic gastritis, metaplasia, and intestinal and gastric cancer.

Patients and Methods

COX-1, COX-2, P53, and Bcl-2 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 34 gastric adenocarcinoma (GA) tissues obtained from gastric resection, 21 tissues of patients with chronic gastritis (CG), and 34 with intestinal metaplasia (IM) obtained from endoscopic biopsies.

Results

COX-1 and COX-2 were expressed in more than 85% of the tissues. A correlation between COX-1 and COX-2 were observed (r = 0.66). P53 was positive in 29% CG, 20% of IM and in 59 % of GA. Bcl-2 was negative in all the CG, in 88% of IM, and in 85% of GA. P53 staining was expressed more frequently in gastric cancer when compared to CG (p = 0.05) or IM (p = 0.003). The expression of Bcl-2 was also higher in gastric cancer (p = 0.002) and in intestinal metaplasia (p = 0.04) when compared to CG. There were no difference between metaplasia and chronic gastritis for P53 or Bcl-2. The imunoreactivity of COX-2 in gastric cancer was higher in the intestinal type (58%) than in diffuse type. A higher expression of COX-2 was found in advanced gastric cancer (p = 0.019). P53 was also more frequent in node positive cancer (p = 0.04).

Conclusion

COX-2 is probably involved in gastric carcinogenesis, being an early alteration in cancer. Although we observed in this study a correlation between COX-2 and depth of cancer, this association as a prognostic marker is not well defined. P53 and Bcl-2 was expressed mainly in gastric cancer, being probably a latest alteration in gastric development.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Oncology Group/Gastroenterology Division, Pathology Department, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP/EPM), Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

    Nora Manoukian Forones, Kharen Yaemi Kawamura & Helena Regina Comodo Segreto

  2. Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Disciplina de Gastroenterologia Clínica, Rua Botucatu 740, 2° andar, CEP: 04023-900, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

    Nora Manoukian Forones

  3. Pathology Department, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP/EPM), Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

    Ricardo Artigiani Neto, Gustavo Rubino de Azevedo Focchi & Celina Tizuko Fujiyama Oshima

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  1. Nora Manoukian Forones
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  2. Kharen Yaemi Kawamura
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Correspondence to Nora Manoukian Forones.

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Forones, N.M., Kawamura, K.Y., Segreto, H.R.C. et al. Expression of COX-2 in Stomach Carcinogenesis. J Gastrointest Canc 39, 4–10 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12029-008-9039-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12029-008-9039-6

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