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Sex difference in the association between habitual daytime napping and prevalence of diabetes: a population-based study

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Abstract

Our objective was to evaluate the associations between habitual daytime napping and diabetes and whether it varies by sex, menopause, and sleep quality. We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study in 8621 eligible individuals aged 40 years or older. Information on daytime napping hours, night-time sleep duration, history of menstruation, and sleep quality was self-reported. Diabetes was diagnosed according to the 1999 World Health Organization diagnostic criteria. The prevalence of diabetes was 19.4 % in men and 15.6 % in women. Increased daytime napping hours were positively associated with parameters of glycometabolism in women, such as fasting plasma glucose, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) 2-h plasma glucose, and Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c, all P for trend <0.05). In women, the prevalence of diabetes in no-habitual daytime napping group, 0–1-h daytime napping group, and more than 1-h daytime napping group were 14.5, 15.6, and 20.8 %, respectively (P for trend = 0.0004). A similar trend was detected in postmenopausal women (P for trend = 0.002). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, compared with no-habitual daytime napping postmenopausal women, those with daytime napping more than 1 h had higher prevalent diabetes (odds ratios 1.36, 95 % confidence interval, 1.04–1.77). In subgroup analysis of postmenopausal women, associations of daytime napping levels and prevalent diabetes were detected in older, overweight participants with good sleep quality who have not retired from work. In conclusion, our study suggests that habitual daytime napping is associated with prevalence of diabetes in postmenopausal women.

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Acknowledgments

We are indebted to the participants in the present study for their persistent outstanding support and to our colleagues working for their valuable assistance.

Author contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: L. Y., Y. L., and K. S.; Performed the experiments: D. L., F. L., Y. Q., M. R., FP. L., and M. X.; Analyzed the data: K. S. and D. L. Wrote the manuscript: K. S. and F. L.

Funding

This work was supported by grants from 1. the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81471034, 81370910,81300675); 2. Major project of the people’s livelihood science and technology in Guangzhou (201300000102); 3. the Zhu jiang Star of science and technology Foundation in Guang Zhou (2014J2200046); 4.the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (S2013010016443); 5.Young Teacher Cultivation Project of Sun Yat-sen University (12ykpy28); and 6.grants from the Chinese Society of Endocrinology and National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, People’s Republic of China

      Kan Sun, Feng Li, Yiqin Qi, Diaozhu Lin, Meng Ren, Mingtong Xu, Fangping Li, Yan Li & Li Yan

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    1. Kan Sun
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    Correspondence to Kan Sun.

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    Kan Sun and Feng Li are equally contributed.

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    Sun, K., Li, F., Qi, Y. et al. Sex difference in the association between habitual daytime napping and prevalence of diabetes: a population-based study. Endocrine 52, 263–270 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-015-0772-x

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