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Porous Silica as Drug Carrier for Controlled Delivery of Sulfasalazine: The Effect of Alginate-N, O-Carboxymethyl Chitosan Gel Coating and Amine Functionalization

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Abstract

The necessity of colon-specific drug delivery systems has been well recognized. Porous silica (PSi) coated with a pH-sensitive, biocompatible, and biodegradable polymer can be useful in colon delivery. In this study, porous silica was synthesized and sulfasalazine was loaded into it to investigate the release rate in a simulated intestinal media. The media was kept at 37 °C and pH 6.8 and 7.4, and subjected to continuous ultrasonic waves to simulate body fluid flow. Aqueous alginate and N, O-Carboxymethyl chitosan (NOCC) solutions, with a distinct composition (3% W/V) in different ratios, were prepared and coated on pressed porous silica disks. Porous silica (PSi) was also functionalized by aminopropyltrimethoxysilane grafting and was studied as a potential carrier for the controlled drug release of sulfasalazine. The release was studied in simulated gastric and intestinal media and results show that no burst release occurred in both coated and functionalized samples and the swelling degree of coats at basic and neutral media decreased by the presence of alginate in the network. It is concluded that the coat with a 50:50 ratio can release the colon drugs in 24 h at a suitable rate. It is also envisioned that functionalization was a factor boosting drug uptake, however, the release rate was lower in the functionalized samples. This study opens the gates to new ideas for the potential safe and localized delivery of sulfasalazine.

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Funding

The first author received financial support from the Oregon State University (OSU) College of Engineering for the.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanical, Industrial, and Manufacturing Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97330, USA

    S. Abbasi

  2. Department of Ceramics, Materials and Energy Research Center, P.O. Box 31787316, Karaj, Alborz, Iran

    S. Ghaffari

  3. Department of Nanochemistry, Semnan University, P.O. box 3535159315, Semnan, Iran

    N. Safa

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  1. S. Abbasi
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  3. N. Safa
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study’s conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Sakineh Abbasi, Somaye Ghaffari, and Naghi Safa. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Sakineh Abbasi and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to S. Abbasi.

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Surface biomodification of ceramic materials to control drug release rates is currently of interest to the authors.

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Abbasi, S., Ghaffari, S. & Safa, N. Porous Silica as Drug Carrier for Controlled Delivery of Sulfasalazine: The Effect of Alginate-N, O-Carboxymethyl Chitosan Gel Coating and Amine Functionalization. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 195, 3719–3732 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-022-04278-9

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