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Carnosic Acid Content Increased by Silver Nanoparticle Treatment in Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.)

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Abstract

Biosynthesis of carnosic acid (CA), one of the most industrially valuable medicinal compounds present in rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) leaves, is affected by various plant stressors. In this study, effects of silver nanoparticle (AgNP) treatment on the secondary metabolism and CA production of rosemary plants were investigated. AgNP of 0, 25, 50, 100, and 200 ppm were utilized on hydroponically grown plants using foliar spray. Efficient absorbance and translocation of AgNPs to the plant roots were confirmed by XRF (X-ray fluorescence) analysis. The fluctuations of important antioxidant compounds such as CA content, phenolics, flavonoids, and acid ascorbic were analyzed and their correlations evaluated. Results revealed that application of 200 ppm AgNPs for 12 days increased CA level more than 11%, as compared to the control plants. Furthermore, significant positive correlations were observed between total flavonoids and CA content under AgNP treatment, suggesting that AgNP acted as an elicitor and triggered the enhancement of CA accumulation effectively. These data suggest that concentration-dependent AgNP may be used to boost antioxidant activity and phytochemical contents of other medicinal plants.

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Abbreviations

AgNPs:

Silver nanoparticles

DPPH:

1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl

TPTZ:

2, 4, 6-tripyridyl-s-triazine

IC50 :

Concentration of extracts that reduce 50% of DPPH radicals

AEAC:

Ascorbic acid equivalent antioxidant activity

FRAP:

Ferric reducing antioxidant power

GAE:

gallic acid equivalent

AA:

Ascorbic acid

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Prof. M. Shahbazi, the CEO of AryaTinaGene (ATG) Biopharmaceutical Company, Iran, for providing access to HPLC facilities; to Dr. A. Dehno Khalaji, Golestan University, for providing AgNPs; to M. R. Azarakhsh, for helping in drawing the graphs; and G. Bagheriehnajar for carefully reading the manuscript and improving the English. This research was supported by Golestan University in the form of a grant (41.5745) awarded to MHS and MBBN.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Golestan University, Shahid Beheshti Ave., Gorgan, IR, Iran

    Mojtaba Hadi Soltanabad, Mohammad B. Bagherieh-Najjar & Manijeh Mianabadi

  2. AryaTinaGene Bio-pharmaceutical Company, Gorgan, IR, Iran

    Mojtaba Hadi Soltanabad

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  1. Mojtaba Hadi Soltanabad
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Correspondence to Mohammad B. Bagherieh-Najjar.

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Hadi Soltanabad, M., Bagherieh-Najjar, M.B. & Mianabadi, M. Carnosic Acid Content Increased by Silver Nanoparticle Treatment in Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.). Appl Biochem Biotechnol 191, 482–495 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-019-03193-w

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