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The Contribution of Kidney Disease to Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

  • Microvascular Complications—Nephropathy (B Roshanravan, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

This review focuses on the relationships between diabetes, cognitive impairment, and the contribution of kidney disease.

Recent Findings

We review the independent contributions of parameters of kidney disease, including albuminuria, glomerular filtration, bone/mineral metabolism, and vitamin D synthesis, on cognitive performance in patients with diabetes. Potential pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying these associations are discussed highlighting gaps in existing knowledge. Finally, effects of the dialysis procedure on the brain and cognitive performance are considered. Emphasis is placed on novel non-invasive screening tools with the potential to preserve cerebral perfusion during hemodialysis and limit cognitive decline in patients with diabetic ESKD.

Summary

Patients with type 2 diabetes and advanced chronic kidney disease suffer a higher prevalence of cognitive impairment. This is particularly true in patients with diabetes and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD).

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Funding

This paper was supported by the National Institutes of Health Grants R01 NS075107 (BIF) and R01 AG058921 (NDA).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA

    Shivani Ghoshal

  2. Department of Biochemistry and Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA

    Nicholette D. Allred

  3. Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Nephrology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157-1053, USA

    Barry I. Freedman

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  1. Shivani Ghoshal
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  2. Nicholette D. Allred
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  3. Barry I. Freedman
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Correspondence to Shivani Ghoshal or Barry I. Freedman.

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Ghoshal, S., Allred, N.D. & Freedman, B.I. The Contribution of Kidney Disease to Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Curr Diab Rep 20, 49 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-020-01333-9

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