Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Geospatial analytics for multi-decadal morphodynamics along Gwadar coastal zone

  • Published:
Journal of Coastal Conservation Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The identification of morphological changes in coastal areas plays a fundamental role in assessment of their spatio-temporal evolution. The focus of this research is to analyze the morphodynamic evolution of shoreline, built-up areas, and vulnerability assessment of Gwadar coastal zone. Using Landsat data, from 1987 to 2021, shorelines were extracted and both long and short-term shoreline changes were assessed in a GIS environment. The results indicate high accretion and sediment entrainment due to anthropogenic developments in Eastern and Western zones. Moderate to high erosion was observed in Eastern zone, whereas, only moderate erosion was observed in the Western zone. The values of greatest retreat and advance along the shoreline of -65.67 m and 827.9 m respectively were recorded in the Eastern zone. The dominant factor of coastal evolution was anthropogenic, augmented by an increase of 13.86% in built-up area. Short-term analysis revealed that erosion and accretion dominated intermittently, with greatest erosion observed during 1994–2001, while, highest accretion occurred from 2001–2007. Furthermore, results of coastal vulnerability assessment indicate that about 15.22% of shoreline consisting of sandy formations is highly vulnerable to hazards. In conclusion, integrated approaches using remote sensing and spatial analysis represent a significant framework for long-term synoptic monitoring of coastal areas.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

The satellite dataset analyzed during the current study is available from Google Earth Engine satellite data repository.

References

  • Abualtayef M, Rabou MA, Afifi S, Rabou AFA, Seif AK, Masria A (2021) Change detection of Gaza coastal zone using GIS and remote sensing techniques. J Coast Conserv 25(3):1–20

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ahsanullah KSH, Ahmed R, Luqman M (2021) Morphological change detection along the shoreline of Karachi, Pakistan using 50 year time series satellite remote sensing data and GIS techniques. Geomat Nat Hazards Risk 12(1):3358–3380

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ali A, Siddiqui PJA, Bromfield K, Khan AA, Iqbal P (2017) Quaternary fossil coral communities in uplifted strata along the Balochistan coast of Pakistan: understanding modern coral decline in the Arabian Sea. Arab J Geosci 10(23):1–16

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aslam B, Ismail S, Maqsoom A (2020) Geospatial mapping of Tsunami susceptibility of Karachi to Gwadar coastal area of Pakistan. Arab J Geosci 13(17):1–12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baig MRI, Ahmad IA, ShahfahadTayyab M, Rahman A (2020) Analysis of shoreline changes in Vishakhapatnam coastal tract of Andhra Pradesh, India: an application of digital shoreline analysis system (DSAS). Ann GIS 26(4):361–376

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cai H, Li C, Luan X, Ai B, Yan L, Wen Z (2022) Analysis of the spatiotemporal evolution of the coastline of Jiaozhou Bay and its driving factors. Ocean Coast Manag 226:106246

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cenci L, Disperati L, Persichillo MG, Oliveira ER, Alves FL, Phillips M (2018) Integrating remote sensing and GIS techniques for monitoring and modeling shoreline evolution to support coastal risk management. Gisci Remote Sens 55(3):355–375

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cendrero A (1989) Mapping and evaluation of coastal areas for planning. Ocean Coast Manag 12(5–6):427–462. https://doi.org/10.1016/0951-8312(89)90023-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Daoudi M, Niang AJ (2021) Detection of shoreline changes along the coast of Jeddah and its impact on the geomorphological system using GIS techniques and remote sensing data (1951–2018). Arab J Geosci 14(13):1–19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Das SK, Sajan B, Ojha C, Soren S (2021) Shoreline change behavior study of Jambudwip island of Indian Sundarban using DSAS model. Egypt J Remote Sens Space Sci 24(3):961–970

    Google Scholar 

  • Dereli MA, Tercan E (2020) Assessment of shoreline changes using historical satellite images and geospatial analysis along the Lake Salda in Turkey. Earth Sci Inform 13(3):709–718

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elnabwy MT, Elbeltagi E, El Banna MM, Elshikh MM, Motawa I, Kaloop MR (2020) An approach based on Landsat images for shoreline monitoring to support integrated coastal management—a case study, Ezbet Elborg, Nile Delta, Egypt. ISPRS Int J Geo-Inf 9(4):199

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Esmail M, Mahmod WE, Fath H (2019) Assessment and prediction of shoreline change using multi-temporal satellite images and statistics: Case study of Damietta coast, Egypt. Appl Ocean Res 82:274–282

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hassan K (2020) CPEC: A win-win for China and Pakistan. Hum Aff 30(2):212–223

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huang F, Huang B, Huang J, Li S (2018) Measuring land change in coastal zone around a rapidly urbanized bay. Int J Environ Res Public Health 15:1059

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • IUCN Pakistan (2012) Balochistan Partnerships for Sustainable Development: Climate change and coastal districts of Balochistan- situation analysis, implications and recommendations IUCN Pakistan, Quetta. https://docplayer.net/74170560-Climate-change-and-coastal-districts-of-balochistan-situation-analysis-implications-and-recommendations.html. Accesed 03 Sept 2022

  • Kumar N, Deepak PM, BasheerAhammed KK, Rao KN, Gopinath G, Dinesan VP (2022) Coastal vulnerability assessment using Geospatial technologies and a Multi-Criteria Decision Making approach–a case study of Kozhikode District coast, Kerala State, India. J Coast Conserv 26(3):1–14

    Google Scholar 

  • Lillesand TM, Kiefer RW, Chipman JW (2015) Remote sensing and image interpretation. John Wiley, Hoboken

    Google Scholar 

  • Mahapatra M, Ramakrishnan R, Rajawat AS (2015) Coastal vulnerability assessment of Gujarat coast to sea level rise using GIS techniques: a preliminary study. J Coast Conserv 19:241–256. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-015-0384-x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McCartney M (2021) The dragon from the mountains: The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) from Kashgar to Gwadar. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

  • Mishra M, Santos CAG, da Silva RM, Rana NK, Kar D, Parida NR (2021) Monitoring vegetation loss and shoreline change due to tropical cyclone Fani using Landsat imageries in Balukhand-Konark Wildlife Sanctuary, India. J Coast Conserv 25(6):1–11

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mondal I, Thakur S, Juliev M, Bandyopadhyay J, De TK (2020) Spatio-temporal modelling of shoreline migration in Sagar Island, West Bengal, India. J Coast Conserv 24(4):1–20

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nassar K, Mahmod WE, Fath H, Masria A, Nadaoka K, Negm A (2019) Shoreline change detection using DSAS technique: Case of North Sinai coast, Egypt. Mar Georesources Geotech 37(1):81–95

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nazeer M, Waqas M, Shahzad MI, Zia I, Wu W (2020) Coastline vulnerability assessment through landsat and cubesats in a coastal mega city. Remote Sens 12(5):749

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pardo-Pascual JE, Almonacid-Caballer J, Ruiz LA, Palomar-Vázquez J (2012) Automatic extraction of shorelines from landsat TM and ETM+ multi-temporal images with subpixel precision. Remote Sens Environ 123:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2012.02.024 (Elsevier Inc.)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Patel K, Jain R, Patel AN, Kalubarme MH (2021) Shoreline change monitoring for coastal zone management using multi-temporal Landsat data in Mahi River estuary, Gujarat State. Appl Geomat 13(3):333–347

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Santos CAG, do Nascimento TVM, Mishra M, da Silva RM (2021) Analysis of long-and short-term shoreline change dynamics: A study case of João Pessoa city in Brazil. Sci Total Environ 769:144889

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Selvan SC, Kankara RS, Prabhu K, Rajan B (2020) Shoreline change along Kerala, south-west coast of India, using geo-spatial techniques and field measurement. Nat Hazards 100(1):17–38

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Toure S, Diop O, Kpalma K, Maiga AS (2019) Shoreline detection using optical remote sensing: A review. ISPRS Int J Geo-Inf 8(2):75

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Velsamy S, Balasubramaniyan G, Swaminathan B, Kesava D (2020) Multi-decadal shoreline change analysis in coast of Thiruchendur Taluk, Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu, India, using remote sensing and DSAS techniques. Arab J Geosci 13(17):1–12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yan J, Wang M, Su F, Xiao R, Wang T (2021a) Analysis of the change in the ecological environment based on remote sensing in typical coastal zones of the Indian Ocean from 1990 to 2017. Arab J Geosci 14(12):1–12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yan D, Yao X, Li J, Qi L, Luan Z (2021b) Shoreline change detection and forecast along the Yancheng coast using a digital shoreline analysis system. Wetlands 41(4):1–16

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yan M, Fan S, Zhang L, Mahmood R, Chen B, Dong Y (2022) Vegetation Dynamics Due to Urbanization in the Coastal Cities along the Maritime Silk Road. Land 11(2):164

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yiğit AY, Kaya Y, Şenol Hİ (2022) Monitoring the change of Turkey’s tourism city Antalya’s Konyaaltı shoreline with multi-source satellite and meteorological data. Appl Geomat 14(2):223–236

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zahid F, Tahir A, Khan HU, Naeem MA (2021) Wind farms selection using geospatial technologies and energy generation capacity in Gwadar. Energy Rep 7:5857–5870

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Khalid Mahmood.

Ethics declarations

Disclosure

The authors report there are no competing interests to declare.

Additional information

Publisher's note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Faizi, F., Mushtaq, F. & Mahmood, K. Geospatial analytics for multi-decadal morphodynamics along Gwadar coastal zone. J Coast Conserv 26, 69 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-022-00905-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-022-00905-z

Keywords

Navigation