Abstract
Poly (styrene-co-methyl methacrylate) (PSCMMA) has been formed in acetone by a solution polymerization route, and AlI3 salt was used as a flame-retarding additive. The thermal degradation of PSCMMA along with the AlI3 nanoadditive (AlI3 NA) was performed under an inert environment. The effect of different concentrations of AlI3 NA (1–5% w/w) on the thermal behavior of PSCMMA was studied. PSCMMA composites with AlI3 NA were formed in an acetone common solvent by varying the concentration of AlI3 NA from 0 to 5% by weight. The thermal degradation of PSCMMA was studied by using thermo-analytical techniques (TGA, DTG, DTA). Pure PSCMMA1 burns 5 times faster than PSCMMA6 nanocomposites.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
W.W. Lau, Y. Shiran, R.M. Bailey, E. Cook, M.R. Stuchtey, J. Koskella, C.A. Velis, L. Godfrey, J. Boucher, and M.B. Murphy, Science 369, 1455 (2020).
L. Eagle, M. Hamann, and D.R. Low, Mar. Pollut. Bull. 107, 324 (2016).
C. Lin, and S. Nakamura, Econ. Syst. Res. 31, 143 (2019).
M. Sigler, Water Air Soil. Pollut. 225, 1 (2014).
C.X. Lam, M.M. Savalani, S.-H. Teoh, and D.W. Hutmacher, Biomed. Mater. 3, 034108 (2008).
J. Pielichowski, and K. Pielichowski, J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. 43, 505 (1995).
Q.F. Gillani, F. Ahmad, M.A. Mutalib, P.S. Megat-Yusoff, S. Ullah, P.J. Messet, and M. Zia-ul-Mustafa, Prog. Org. Coat. 123, 82 (2018).
R. Scaffaro, A. Maio, F. Sutera, E.F. Gulino, and M. Morreale, Polymers 11, 651 (2019).
A.K. Nikolaidis, and D.S. Achilias, Polymers 10, 491 (2018).
M.L. Sall, A.K.D. Diaw, D. Gningue-Sall, S. Efremova Aaron, and J.-J. Aaron, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 27, 29927–29942 (2020).
J. Vince, and B.D. Hardesty, Restor. Ecol. 25, 123 (2017).
A. Bahadur, S. Iqbal, H.O. Alsaab, N.S. Awwad, and H.A. Ibrahium, Microsc. Res. Tech. https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24012 (2021).
L. Palin, G. Rombolà, M. Milanesio, and E. Boccaleri, Polymers 11, 1105 (2019).
S. Ray, and R.P. Cooney, Handbook of environmental degradation of materials ((Norwich William Andrew), NY, 2018), pp 185–206.
W. Yang, Z. Luo, R. Sun, J. Guo, T. Wang, Y. Wu, W. Wang, J. Guo, Q. Wu, and M. Shi, Nat. Commun. 11, 1 (2020).
H. Vahabi, M. Jouyandeh, M. Cochez, R. Khalili, C. Vagner, M. Ferriol, E. Movahedifar, B. Ramezanzadeh, M. Rostami, and Z. Ranjbar, Prog. Org. Coat. 123, 160 (2018).
H.H. Dzulkafli, F. Ahmad, S. Ullah, P. Hussain, O. Mamat, and P.S. Megat-Yusoff, Appl. Clay Sci. 146, 350 (2017).
T. Rajkumar, C. Vijayakumar, P. Sivasamy, B. Sreedhar, and C. Wilkie, J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. 100, 651 (2010).
K. Buruga, and J.T. Kalathi, Prog. Polym. Sci. 26, 1 (2019).
M. Arshad, K. Masud, M. Arif, S. Rahman, Z. Chohan, A. Qureshi, A. Saeed, U. Salma, and M. Awan, Nucleus 45, 63 (2020).
M. Adnan, T.U. Rahman, A. Bahadur, M.A. Zeb, W. Liaqat, T. Akitsu, S.H. Abdel-Hafez, and W.A. El-Sayed, Materials 14, 7036 (2021).
Acknowledgements
The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University for supporting this work through research groups program under grant number R.G.P.2/120/42. Hashem O. Alsaab would like to acknowledge Taif University Researchers Supporting Project number (TURSP-2020/67), Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The author declares no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bahadur, A., Iqbal, S., Alsaab, H.O. et al. Thermal Degradation of Poly (Styrene-Co-Methyl Methacrylate) in the Presence of AlI3 Nanoadditive. JOM 74, 1916–1922 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-022-05154-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-022-05154-x