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Dual-loading strategy to construct Au-BiOBr-TiO2 photocatalysts for fast and efficient degradation of xanthates under visible light

双负载策略构建Au-BiOBr-TiO2光催化剂在可见光下快速高效降解黄药

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Abstract

With the advancement of mining operations, xanthate as an essential flotation reagent is unavoidably released into natural water bodies through flotation effluent. To protect the surrounding environment of mines, Au-BiOBr-TiO2 (AuBT) ternary composites were constructed and utilized as an optimal photocatalyst in the degradation process of xanthates. AuBT with high purity was prepared by the integrated techniques of hydrothermal, water bath precipitation, and photodeposition. BiOBr nanosheets and Au nanoparticles were uniformly distributed on the surface of TiO2 particles in the composites. In simulated mineral flotation effluents, AuBT showed excellent degradation performance in the catalytic oxidation of 20 mg/L xanthate under visible light irradiation, achieving 95.2% removal rate in 20 min. The experiments and characterization results revealed that the dual-loading strategy to construct AuBT photocatalysts effectively decreased the band gap and broadened the photoresponse range of pristine TiO2, which was significant for the improvement of the photocatalytic activity. DFT calculations demonstrated that partial electrons were transferred around the sodium ethyl xanthate (SEX) molecule and the accumulated charge contributed to the oxidation process. Experimental results of free radical scavenging indicate that the main active species in the reaction system are photogenerated holes (h+), followed by superoxide radicals (•O2). This work indicates that AuBT composites can be used as an efficient photocatalyst to completely degrade various types of xanthates under visible light, which exhibits great potential in flotation wastewater treatment.

摘要

浮选废水中残留的黄药会严重影响矿区周围生态环境。为了实现对黄药的高效降解, 通过水热 法、水浴沉淀法和光沉积法制备的Au-BiOBr-TiO2(AuBT)三元复合光催化剂对废水进行处理是一种 有效手段。在模拟降解矿物浮选废水实验中, AuBT 表现出卓越的光催化降解性能。实验结果表明, 0.2 g/L 的AUBT 光催化剂在20 min 可见光照射下对初始浓度为20 mg/L 黄药的光催化去除率可达到 95.20%。机理检测表明, AuBT有效降低了带隙并扩大光响应范围, 提高了材料的光催化活性。DFT 计算表明部分电子向乙基黄药(SEX)分子转移, 而这有助于激发光催化过程。自由基清除实验表明反 应体系中的主要活性物种是光生空穴(h+), 其次是超氧自由基(•O-2)。作为高效的光催化剂, AuBT在可 见光下可降解各种类型的黄药, 在浮选废水处理环节体现了巨大的潜力。

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China

    Yao-zhong Qi  (戚耀中), Yan-bai Shen  (沈岩柏), Si-kai Zhao  (赵思凯), Xiao-yu Jiang  (蒋潇宇), Shu-ling Gao  (高淑玲), Cong Han  (韩聪) & Wen-bao Liu  (刘文宝)

  2. College of Chemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, 110142, China

    Xiao-guang San  (伞晓广) & Dan Meng  (孟丹)

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  1. Yao-zhong Qi  (戚耀中)
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  2. Yan-bai Shen  (沈岩柏)
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Contributions

QI Yao-zhong developed the practical experiments, overarching research goals and edited the draft of manuscript. SHEN Yan-bai and ZHAO Si-kai conducted the literature review and overarching research goals. JIANG Xiao-yu, GAO Shu-ling, HAN Cong and LIU Wen-bao validated the proposed method with practical experiments. SAN Xiao-guang and MENG Dan edited the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Yan-bai Shen  (沈岩柏) or Si-kai Zhao  (赵思凯).

Ethics declarations

QI Yao-zhong, SHEN Yan-bai, ZHAO Si-kai, JIANG Xiao-yu, GAO Shu-ling, HAN Cong, LIU Wen-bao, SAN Xiao-guang and MENG Dan declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Foundation item: Projects(52274255, 51674067) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Project (2020YFB2008702) supported by the National Key R&D Program of China; Projects(N2201008, N2201004) supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China; Project(XLYC1807160) supported by the Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program, China; Project(2022M720025) supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; Project supported by Postdoctoral Foundation of Northeastern University, China; Project (2022QNRC001) supported by the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST, China

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Qi, Yz., Shen, Yb., Zhao, Sk. et al. Dual-loading strategy to construct Au-BiOBr-TiO2 photocatalysts for fast and efficient degradation of xanthates under visible light. J. Cent. South Univ. 30, 3289–3302 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-023-5453-y

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