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Prädiktoren der Delinquenz bei adoleszenten Muslimen

Religiosität, religiöser Fundamentalismus und wahrgenommene religiöse Diskriminierung

Predictors of delinquency in adolescent Muslims

Religiosity, religious fundamentalism and perceived religious discrimination

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Forensische Psychiatrie, Psychologie, Kriminologie Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Zusammenfassung

Religiosität gilt in der Delinquenzforschung als ein protektiver Faktor. Jedoch fanden kürzlich erschienene Studien widersprüchliche Ergebnisse bezüglich des Einflusses von Religiosität auf deutsche Muslime, sodass unklar bleibt, ob muslimische Religiosität mit verminderter oder erhöhter Delinquenz assoziiert ist. Es stellt sich die Frage, inwiefern individuelle religiöse Praktiken, soziale religiöse Praktiken, religiöser Fundamentalismus und wahrgenommene religiöse Diskriminierung delinquentes Verhalten von Muslimen prädizieren. Zur Beantwortung dieser Frage wurden Daten von 761 muslimischen Schülern, bereitgestellt vom Institut für Interdisziplinäre Konflikt- und Gewaltforschung, per Korrelations- und Regressionsanalysen ausgewertet. Es zeigt sich, dass religiöser Fundamentalismus und wahrgenommene religiöse Diskriminierung höhere Delinquenzraten prädizieren, dass soziale religiöse Praktiken nicht signifikant mit Delinquenz zusammenhängen, und dass individuelle religiöse Praktiken niedrigere Delinquenzraten vorhersagen. Somit weisen verschiedene Aspekte muslimischer Religiosität differenzielle Zusammenhänge zu delinquentem Verhalten auf. Eine mögliche Erklärung für die widersprüchlichen Ergebnisse vorangegangener Studien ist, dass Religiosität, je nachdem welcher der oben genannten Aspekt überwiegt, protektive oder kriminogene Effekte ausüben kann. Die Berücksichtigung dieser differenziellen Rolle der Religiosität kann zur Verbesserung der Kriminalprävention und -prognose, insbesondere bei Muslimen, beitragen.

Abstract

Religiosity is considered to be a protective factor in delinquency research; however, recently published studies found contradictory results with respect to the influence of religiosity on German Muslims. It therefore remained unclear whether Muslim religiosity is associated with diminished or increased delinquency. The question arises whether individual religious practices, social religious practices, religious fundamentalism and perceived religious discrimination predict deliquent behavior of Muslims. In an attempt to answer this question data from 761 Muslim schoolchildren provided by the Institute for Interdisciplinary Research on Conflict and Violence were evaluated by correlation and regression analyses. It was found that religious fundamentalism and perceived religious discrimination predict higher delinquency rates, that social religious practices are not significantly associated with delinquency and that individual religious practices predict lower delinquency rates. Therefore, different aspects of Muslim religiosity show differential associations with delinquent behavior. A possible explanation for the contradictory results of previous studies is that religiosity can have protective or criminogenic effects depending on which of the abovenamed aspects is predominant. Consideration of these differential roles of religiosity can contribute to an improvement of criminal prevention and prognosis, particularly for Muslims.

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Notes

  1. Diese Analysen wurden auch unter Verwendung ordinaler Zusammenhangsmaße durchgeführt. Es zeigten sich sehr ähnliche Ergebnisse.

  2. Alle Analysen wurden auch für den nichtimputierten Datensatz durchgeführt. Es zeigten sich wiederum sehr ähnliche Ergebnisse.

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Danksagung

Unser Dank gilt dem Institut für interdisziplinäre Konflikt- und Gewaltforschung für die Möglichkeit, ihre Daten für die vorliegende Untersuchung nutzen zu können (Mansel und Spaiser 2013; Derr et al. 2014).

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  1. Institut für Psychologie, Abteilung für Entwicklungs‑, Persönlichkeits- und Forensische Psychologie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstr. 33, 38106, Braunschweig, Deutschland

    Johannes Beller M.Sc. &  Daniela Hosser

  2. Institut für Psychologie, Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Universität Hildesheim, Hildesheim, Deutschland

    Christoph Kröger

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  1. Johannes Beller M.Sc.
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Correspondence to Johannes Beller M.Sc..

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J. Beller, C. Kröger und D. Hosser geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

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Johannes Beller wird von der Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes gefördert.

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Beller, J., Kröger, C. & Hosser, D. Prädiktoren der Delinquenz bei adoleszenten Muslimen. Forens Psychiatr Psychol Kriminol 13, 188–198 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11757-019-00523-w

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