Abstract
American foulbrood is an important bacterial disease affecting the larvae of honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) caused by Paenibacillus larvae. Due to easy transmission of disease and the ability of bacteria to create spores, it is a bacterium resistant to both physical and chemical conditions. The study aims to isolate, perform microbiological analyses, and determine biochemical properties and genotypes P. larvae strains from AFB samples collected from Turkey's Central and Eastern Black Sea regions. An isolation study was conducted on adult bees, larvae, honey, and primary honeycomb samples from suspected colonies in the regions under study. After the purification of bacterial isolates from samples, P. larvae strains were identified using biochemical and molecular methods. The genetic diversity and ERIC types of P. larvae isolates were determined by rep-PCR DNA genotyping using BOX A1R and MBO REP1 primers and multiplex-PCR. A phylogenetic tree of P. larvae strains was constructed in the study. All P. larvae isolates were determined as ERIC I type. According to the rep-PCR results of P. larvae strains, 15 of the 28 isolates were Ab genotype (54%), 7 (25%) Aβ genotype, 4 (14%) AB genotype, 1 (3.5%) αB genotype, and 1 (3.5%) ab genotype. From an epidemiological viewpoint, it was determined that Ab and Aβ genotypes were widely distributed, while other genotypes (AB, αB, and ab) showed less spread. The results of the study will guide researchers in taking relevant measures to prevent and control American foulbrood.
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Data Availability
Datasets used in this study will be made available by the corresponding author with no hesitation upon genuine request.
Abbreviations
- AFB:
-
American foulbrood
- PFGE:
-
Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis
- RFLP:
-
Restriction fragment length polymorphic DNA analysis
- RAPD:
-
Random amplified polymorphic DNA assay
- AP-PCR:
-
Arbitrary primed PCR
- AFLP:
-
Amplified fragment length polymorphism
- Rep-PCR:
-
Repetitive element based PCR
- ERIC:
-
Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequence
- NCBI:
-
National Center for Biotechnology Information
- BLAST:
-
Basic Local Alignment Search Tool
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This study was financially funded by the Scientific Research Funding of the Recep Tayyip Erdogan University (Project Number: RTEU-BAP 2015.53001.102.03.04).
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Şengül Alpay Karaoglu: designed the experiments, analyzed the data, completed the final version manuscript, and provided funding acquisition. Arif Bozdeveci: performed the experiments, analyzed the data, and revised the final version of the manuscript. Müberra Pınarbaş Çetin: analyzed data and performed the experiments. Elif Sevim: designed the experiments, and performed the experiments. Şeyma Suyabatmaz: analyzed data and wrote the draft version of the manuscript. Rahşan Akpınar: collected sample materials and participated in the experiments. All authors have reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript.
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Alpay Karaoğlu, Ş., Bozdeveci, A., Pinarbaş Çetin, M. et al. Isolation, characterization, and genetic diversity of Paenibacillus larvae from AFB suspected specimens in the Central and Eastern Black Sea Regions. Biologia 78, 2919–2929 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-023-01448-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-023-01448-w