Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Use of Euclidean distance to evaluate Pistia stratiotes and Eichhornia crassipes as organic fertilizer amendments in Capsicum annuum

  • Short Communication
  • Published:
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Conventional agriculture is reliant on the application of unsustainably high rates of inorganic fertilizers with detrimental consequences on the environment. The use of invasive aquatic macrophytes as organic fertilizer for crop production represents a unique opportunity for weed control as well as to use this plant material that would typically be disposed of, as a resource instead. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to use Pistia stratiotes and Eichhornia crassipes as organic fertilizer for the growth of a high value vegetable, Capsicum annuum. Furthermore, to evaluate if Euclidean distance can be used as a tool to integrate the data collected into a single meaningful outcome. The results showed that growth on soil amended with plant material from the aquatic macrophytes resulted in improved plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf length, stalk diameter and the number of fruits produced per plant (characterized by Medium and High OCVs). The outcome from calculation of the Euclidean distance revealed that the best treatments to achieve the desired phenotype were amendments with 100 g P. stratiotes or 400 g E. crassipes. Therefore, it was evident that the tested macrophyte weeds can be used as organic fertilizers to promote plant growth and yield in C. annuum and that assessment of the Euclidean distance is a useful tool to incorporate the findings from a range of parameters into a single summarized outcome.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Data availability

Not applicable.

References

  • Angassa D, Mohammed J (2022) Agro-morphological variability study of Ethiopian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) accessions for their important agronomical traits at Hadiya Zone. Southern Ethiopia J Plant Sci 10:19–25

    Google Scholar 

  • Bilen S, Turan V (2022) Enzymatic analyses in soils. In: Amaresan N, Patel P, Amin D (eds) Practical handbook on agricultural microbiology. Springer Protocols Handbooks, Humana, New York, NY, pp 377–385

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Blasius J, Eilers P, Gower JC (2009) Better Biplots. Comp Stat Data Anal 53:3145–3158

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Chapman S, Shenk P, Kazan K, Manners J (2001) Using Biplots to interpret gene expression pattern in plants. Bioinf Applic Note 18:202–204

    Google Scholar 

  • Devi J, Sagar V, Kaswan V, Ranjan J, Kumar R, Mishra GP, Dubey R, Verma RK (2021) Advances in breeding strategies of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L var grossum Sendt). Advances in plant breeding strategies: vegetable crops. Springer, pp 3–58

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Duda R, Hart P, Stork D (2001) Pattern classification. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Faria JC, Demetrio CGB (2008) BPCA: biplot of multivariate data based on principal components analysis. UESC and ESALQ, Ilheus, Bahia, Brasil and Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brasil. R package version 1.02, URL http://CRAN.R-project.org/package=bpca. Accessed 27 Oct 2022

  • Fliege J, Qi HD, Xiu N (2019) Euclidean distance matrix optimization for sensor network localization. In: Gao C, Zhao G, Fourati H (eds) Cooperative localization and navigation: theory, research and practice. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL

    Google Scholar 

  • Gabriel KR (2002) Goodness of fit of biplots and correspondence analysis. Biometrika 89:423–436

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Gómez D, Hernández L, Yabor L, Beemster GTS, Tebbe CC, Papenbrock J, Lorenzo JC (2018) Euclidean distance can identify the mannitol level that produces the most remarkable integral effect on sugarcane micropropagation in temporary immersion bioreactors. J Plant Res 131:719–724

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gomez-Pando L, Jimenez-Davalos J, Eguiluz-de la Barra A, Aguilar-Castellanos E, Falconí-Palomino J, Ibañez-Tremolada M, Varela M, Lorenzo JC (2009) Field performance of new in vitro androgenesis-derived double haploids of barley. Euphytica 166:269–276

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Granahan J, Sweet J (2001) An evaluation of atmospheric correction techniques using the spectral similarity scale. IEEE 5:2022–2024

    Google Scholar 

  • Haque F, Haque S (2018) Plant recognition system using leaf shape features and minimum euclidean distance. ICTACT J Imag Vid Proc 9:1919–1925

    Google Scholar 

  • Hunde NF (2020) Yield response and nutrient use efficiencies of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) to inorganic fertilizers in Ethiopia: a review article. Int J Res Agron 3:25–32

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ichino M (1988) General metrics for mixed features-the cartesian space theory for pattern recognition. IEEE 1:494–497

    Google Scholar 

  • Indulekha VP, Thomas CG (2018) Utilization of water hyacinth as mulch in turmeric. J Trop Agric 56:27–33

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jafar M, Zilouchian A (2001) Application of soft computing for desalination technology. In: Zilouchian A, Jamshidi M (eds) Intelligent control systems using soft computing methodologies. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 315–353

    Google Scholar 

  • Kantardzic M (2003) Data mining: concepts, models, methods and algorithms. Technometrics 45:277

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Karim KR, Rafii MY, Misran AB, Ismail MFB, Harun AR, Khan MMH, Chowdhury MFN (2021) Current and prospective strategies in the varietal improvement of Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) specially heterosis breeding. Agronomy 11:2217

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kevin O, Joyce JL, Samuel MM (2021) Soil properties and maize (Zea mays L.) growth and yield response to water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) compost application in Lake Victoria Basin. Kenya J Soil Sci Environ Manag 12:17–28

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kogan J (2007) Introduction to clustering large and high dimensional data. Cambridge University Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Krzanowski WJ (2004) Biplots for multifactorial analysis of distance. Biometrics 60:517–524

    Article  MathSciNet  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Li T, Hong X, Liu S, Wu X, Fu S, Liang Y, Li J, Li R, Zhang C, Song X (2022) Cropland degradation and nutrient overload on Hainan Island: a review and synthesis. Environ Poll, 120100

  • Lorenzo JC, Varela M, Hernández M, Gutiérrez A, Pérez A, Loyola O (2013) Integrated criteria to identify the best treatment in plant biotechnology experiments. Acta Physiol Plant 35:3261–3264

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lorenzo JC, Yabor L, Medina N, Quintana N, Wells V (2015) Coefficient of variation can identify the most important effects of experimental treatments. Not Bot Horti Agrobo Cluj-Nap 43:287–291

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Olatunji TL, Afolayan AJ (2018) The suitability of chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) for alleviating human micronutrient dietary deficiencies: a review. Food Sci Nut 6:2239–2251

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Poveda J (2022) The use of freshwater macrophytes as a resource in sustainable agriculture. J Cleaner Prod 369:133247

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Singh D, Kumar J, Singh G, Kumar A (2022) Use of ecofriendly fertilizers and crop residues for enhancing crop productivity and sustainable agriculture. Handbook of research on green technologies for sustainable management of agricultural resources. IGI Global, Cham, pp 156–179

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Sönmez O, Turan V, Kaya C (2016) The effects of sulfur, cattle, and poultry manure addition on soil phosphorus. Turkish J Agric for 40:536–541

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tavazoie S, Hughes J, Campbell M (1999) Systematic determination of genetic network architecture. Nat Genet 22:281–285

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tripodi P, Kumar S (2019) The Capsicum crop: an introduction. The capsicum genome. Springer, pp 1–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Turan V, Schröder P, Bilen S, Insam H, Fernández-Delgado Juárez M (2019) Co-inoculation effect of Rhizobium and Achillea millefolium L. oil extracts on growth of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and soil microbial-chemical properties. Scient Rep 9:15178

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Turan V, Aydın S, Sönmez O (2022) Production, cost analysis, and marketing of bioorganic liquid fertilizers and plant nutrition enhancers. In: Amaresan N, Dharumadurai D, Cundell DR (eds) Microbiology based entrepreneurship microorganisms for sustainability. Springer, Singapore, pp 193–198

    Google Scholar 

  • Villalobos-Olivera A, Hernández L, Martínez J, Quintana N, Zevallos BE, Yabor L, Martínez-Montero ME, González-Olmedo J, Sershen JCL (2019) Euclidean distance can recognize the Biojas® concentration that produces the ideal physiological status of pineapple in vitro-plantlets. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol-Plant. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-019-10023-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yu J, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Yang L, Karrar E, Jin Q, Zhang H, Wu G, Wang X (2023) Capsaicinoids and volatile flavor compounds profile of Sichuan hotpot as affected by cultivar of chili peppers during processing. Food Res Int 165:112476

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the University of Ciego de Avila (Cuba), Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí (Ecuador), and the Agricultural Research Council (South Africa).

Funding

Not applicable.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory for Plant Breeding and Conservation of Genetic Resources, Bioplant Center, University of Ciego de Avila, 69450, Ciego de Ávila, Cuba

    Leslie Hernández-Fernández, José Gerardo Vázquez, Lázaro Hernández, Roberto Campbell, Julia Martínez, Yanier Acosta & José Carlos Lorenzo

  2. Plant Improvement, Agricultural Research Council-Tropical and Subtropical Crops, Private Bag X11208, Nelspruit, 1200, South Africa

    Elliosha Hajari

  3. Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Ciego de Avila, 69450, Ciego de Ávila, Cuba

    Roberto González-De Zayas

  4. Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí (UNESUM), Jipijapa, Ecuador

    Byron E. Zevallos-Bravo

Authors
  1. Leslie Hernández-Fernández
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. José Gerardo Vázquez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Lázaro Hernández
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Roberto Campbell
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Julia Martínez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Elliosha Hajari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Roberto González-De Zayas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Byron E. Zevallos-Bravo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Yanier Acosta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. José Carlos Lorenzo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

LHF, JGV, LH, RC, JM, EH, RGDZ, BEZB, YA and JCL designed the research; LHF, JGV, LH, RC and JM conducted the experiment; LHF, EH, RGDZ, BEZB, YA and JCL analyzed the data and wrote the paper; and JCL had primary responsibility for the final content.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to José Carlos Lorenzo.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors do not have any competing interests.

Ethics approval and consent to participate

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Additional informed consent was obtained from all individual participants for whom identifying information is included in this article.

Consent for publication

All the authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

Additional information

Communicated by M. Oka.

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Hernández-Fernández, L., Vázquez, J.G., Hernández, L. et al. Use of Euclidean distance to evaluate Pistia stratiotes and Eichhornia crassipes as organic fertilizer amendments in Capsicum annuum. Acta Physiol Plant 46, 21 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-024-03652-w

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-024-03652-w

Keywords

Search

Navigation