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New bioactive constituents characterized by LC–MS/MS in optimized microwave extract of jujube seeds (Zizyphus lotus L.)

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Abstract

The present study was aimed to optimize the extraction conditions of total phenolic contents (TPC) from Zizyphus lotus seeds (Zls) samples by microwave procedure using response surface methodology in order to obtain maximum extraction yields. Central Composite Design was employed with three factors defined as solvent concentration (X1), irradiation power (X2) and microwave power (X3) at three coded levels on the TPC recovery. The optimal conditions for X1, X2 and X3 were: ethanol 60%, 210 s and 600 W, respectively. The experimental value of TPC yields was for 6709.01 ± 2.20 mg GAE/100 g which is in close agreement with the predicted value indicating the model success. Results showed that optimized Zls extract exhibited a high inhibitory effect on some biological activities including antioxidants and enzyme inhibition. The liquid chromatography-high resolution tandem mass spectrometry profile revealed 47 active compounds where 21 were never been detected in Zizyphus genus. The Zls extract was found to contain significant major compounds comprised 6-methyl-2-O-glucoside xanthone, jasminoside isomer, citric acid, gallocatechin, imidazole carboxylate derivative, kaempferol-3-O-robinobioside, 6-gingerol, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-[4-[3-(2,4,5-trihydroxyhexan-3-yloxy)propyl]phenyl]propan-1-one, 3-(decyloxy)-2-hydroxy-propyl prop-2-enoate, tenasogenin and some small peptides. The findings demonstrated the beneficial application of microwave method for an increase extraction of TPC amounts from Zls extracts that could be valorized in food and pharmaceutical industries.

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Acknowledgements

The ministry of the higher education and scientific research and the faculty of Natural Sciences, Life and Earth Sciences, University of Bouira, Algeria; the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, FCT, through the Research Unit grant UID/MULTI/04046/2019 to BioISI; FCT project PTDC/BIA-BQM/28355/2017; BioISIMassSPEC Facility, are gratefully acknowledged for financial support.

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  1. Laboratoire de Gestion et Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles et Assurance Qualité, Faculté des Sciences de La Nature et de la Vie et des Sciences de la Terre, Université de Bouira, 10000, Bouira, Algeria

    Farida Berkani & Amina Abbou

  2. Département de Biologie, Faculté Des Sciences de La Nature Et de La Vie Et Des Sciences de La Terre, Université de Bouira, 10000, Bouira, Algeria

    Farid Dahmoune, Nabil Kadri, Hocine Remini & Khodir Madani

  3. Laboratoire de Biomathématiques, Biophysique, Biochimie, Et Scientométrie (L3BS), Faculté Des Sciences de La Nature Et de La Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000, Bejaia, Algeria

    Farid Dahmoune, Sofiane Dairi, Nabil Kadri & Hocine Remini

  4. Faculty of Sciences, BioISI—Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, University of Lisbon, 1649-004, Lisboa, Portugal

    Maria Luísa Serralheiro & Asma Ressaissi

  5. Faculty of Sciences, Departamento de Química E Bioquímica, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal

    Maria Luísa Serralheiro

  6. Département de Microbiologie Appliquée Et Sciences Alimentaires, Faculté Des Sciences de La Nature Et de La Vie, Université de Jijel, 18000, Jijel, Algeria

    Sofiane Dairi

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  1. Farida Berkani
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Berkani, F., Dahmoune, F., Serralheiro, M.L. et al. New bioactive constituents characterized by LC–MS/MS in optimized microwave extract of jujube seeds (Zizyphus lotus L.). Food Measure 15, 3216–3233 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-021-00903-z

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