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Liquid Biopsy for Promising Non-invasive Diagnostic Biomarkers in Parasitic Infections

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Abstract

Background

Liquid biopsy refers to the sampling and molecular analysis of body fluids such as blood, saliva, and urine in contrast to conventional tissue biopsies. Liquid biopsy approach can offer powerful non-invasive biomarkers (circulating markers) for diagnosis and monitoring treatment response of a variety of diseases, including parasitic infections.

Methods

In this review, we concentrate on cell-free DNA (cfDNA), microRNA (miRNA), and exosomes in the published literature.

Results

Considering the high prevalence and severity of parasitic infections worldwide, circulating biomarkers can provide a new insight into the diagnosis and prognosis of parasites in the near future. Moreover, identifying and characterizing parasite- or host-derived circulating markers are important for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of parasite infection and host–parasite relationship at the molecular level. Profiling of biomarkers for parasitic diseases is a promising potential field, though further studies and optimization strategies are required, both in vitro and in vivo.

Conclusion

In this review, we discuss three approaches in the liquid biopsy including circulating cfDNA, miRNAs, and exosomes for diagnosis and evaluation of parasites and summarize circulating biomarkers in non-invasive samples during parasitic infections.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Parasitology, Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey

    Eylem Akdur Ozturk

  2. Department of Parasitology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, 35100, Izmir, Turkey

    Ayse Caner

  3. Cancer Research Center, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey

    Ayse Caner

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  1. Eylem Akdur Ozturk
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  2. Ayse Caner
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Correspondence to Ayse Caner.

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Ozturk, E.A., Caner, A. Liquid Biopsy for Promising Non-invasive Diagnostic Biomarkers in Parasitic Infections. Acta Parasit. 67, 1–17 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11686-021-00444-x

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