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Effect of Ultrasonic Impact Treatment with Different Impact Energy and Head Shape on Surface Properties of U75V Heavy Rail

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Abstract

Surface properties directly affect the service life of heavy rail. The effect of ultrasonic impact energy and head shape on surface hardness, residual stress, morphology of heavy rail was investigated in this paper. 15 different impact processes and three impact head shapes of bar, single-pin head, and three-pin head were designed to treat the heavy rail surface by ultrasonic impact. The results showed that under three-pin head impact, the hardness of the ultrasonic impact area was 24.4% higher than the initial hardness at the process of 2.0 A, 60 s, and the minimum surface residual stress was − 642 MPa in the 2.5 A, 90 s. Finite element results indicated that the UIT (ultrasonic impact treatment) introduced beneficial compressive stress up to the depths of 1-3 mm. After ultrasonic impact treatment, the microscopic morphology of the heavy rail changed, resulting in a deformation of up to 1047.9 μm and a white layer.

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Abbreviations

\(P_{1}\) :

Single impact power

\(U\) :

Impact voltage

\(I\) :

Impact current

\(T_{{\text{i}}}\) :

Impact time

\(n_{0}\) :

Impact frequency

s :

Contact area

P :

Total impact power

F :

Impact force

v :

Impact velocity

\(m_{0}\) :

Weight of impact head

a :

Acceleration

t :

Single impact time

\(\sigma\) :

Stress to evaluated

A :

Initial yield stress

B :

Hardening constant

n :

Hardening exponent

C :

Strain rate constant

\(\dot{\varepsilon }\) :

Strain rate

\(\dot{\varepsilon }_{0}\) :

Reference values of strain rate

T :

Temperature under consideration

\(T_{0}\) :

Temperature

\(T_{{\text{m}}}\) :

Melting temperature

m :

Thermal softening exponent

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to appreciate the Fundamental Research Funds for the Hubei University of Technology and Key Lab of Modern Manufacture Quality Engineering, which supplied us the facilities and funds to fulfill the experiments. Thanked to Wuhan Heavy Duty Machine Tool Group Corporation for the support of residual stress, hardness, and microstructure measurement.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China

    Huan Xue, Shengnan Liu, Daode Zhang, Wenqian Zhang, Zhong Zheng & Tao Li

  2. Key Lab of Modern Manufacture Quality Engineering, Wuhan, 430068, China

    Huan Xue

  3. Wuhan Heavy Duty Machine Tool Group Corporation, Wuhan, 430205, China

    Jingyu Xue

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  1. Huan Xue
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Xue, H., Liu, S., Zhang, D. et al. Effect of Ultrasonic Impact Treatment with Different Impact Energy and Head Shape on Surface Properties of U75V Heavy Rail. J. of Materi Eng and Perform (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-023-08606-w

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