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Characterizations of the Microstructure and Texture of 321 Austenitic Stainless Steel After Cryo-Rolling and Annealing Treatments

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Abstract

In the present study, AISI 321 austenitic stainless steel was cryo-rolled at 77 K (−196 °C) to a 20, 50, and 90% thickness reduction to investigate its microstructure and texture evolutions. The cryo-rolled sample was subsequently annealed at 1023, 1223, and 1323 K (750, 950, and 1050 °C, respectively) for 5, 15, and 30 min. The rolling and annealing textures consisting of the reversion of martensite to austenite were examined and compared with those in the literature. The results showed that strain-induced α'-martensite and deformation twinning along with the slip mechanism contributed to the plastic deformation. The volume fraction of α'-martensite increased from 13 to 74% with the increase in thickness reduction from 20 to 50%, respectively, whereas while further deformation to 90% resulted in a volume fraction of 92%. The micro-textures and macro-textures depicted the Brass and Goss components as the dominant texture after a 90% thickness reduction, while the intensity of their textures decreased compared with a 50% reduction. Newly reverted austenite grains with an equiaxed morphology were obtained after annealing at 1023 K (750 °C) for 5 min, while α'-martensite fully reverted to austenite at a higher annealing time (15 min). The micro-texture and macro-texture analyses indicated that the major texture component of austenite after annealing was {110} <uvw> (Brass and Goss), which was stronger in the specimen annealed at 1323 K (1050 °C) compared to 1023 K and 1223 K (750 and 950 °C). The texture intensity of the annealed specimen increased with the increasing of annealing time from 5 to 30 min.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran, for financially supporting this research with a grant (#SCU.EM1400.30796). In addition, the authors wish to express their gratitude to Professor Jerzy Szpunar for their support and cooperation.

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    M. Salehi, M. Eskandari & M. Yeganeh

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Salehi, M., Eskandari, M. & Yeganeh, M. Characterizations of the Microstructure and Texture of 321 Austenitic Stainless Steel After Cryo-Rolling and Annealing Treatments. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 32, 816–834 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-022-07127-2

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