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Fabrication of Brushite Coating on AZ91D and AZ31 Alloys by Two-Step Chemical Treatment and Its Surface Protection in Simulated Body Fluid

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Abstract

A biocompatible dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) brushite coating of flake-like crystals was developed on AZ91D and AZ31 magnesium (Mg) surfaces to control and slow down the rapid degradation rate of the substrates. The electrochemical behavior of the DCPD-coated substrates was examined in a simulated body fluid (SBF) with uncoated substrates as the control. Fabrication of the coating was achieved via chemical immersion technique by modifying the surfaces with Ca(NO3)2·4H2O and KH2PO4 in addition to heat treatment. The morphology of the DCPD coating is uniform and dense with a flake-like crystal structure. After in vitro tests, the DCPD coating would have exhibited excellent corrosion resistance with more biomineralization of the active calcium phosphate (CaP). Moreover, the DCPD coating induced CaP formation after immersion in the SBF, indicating excellent bioactivity upon increasing the coating. Hence, the two-step chemical treatment enhances the bioactivity of DCPD coatings on Mg alloys, making them better implant materials.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are very thankful for the financial support received from Brazilian agencies, such as CAPES (BEX 5383/15-3), (PNPD-PhD scholarships) CNPq (304051/2014-4) and FAPERJ (E-26/110.087/2014, 13.577/2015 and/216.730/2015). Dr. Y. Sasikumar and Dr. R. Suresh Babu wish to acknowledge CAPES for financial assistance via the PNPD scholarships.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Experimental and Applied Physics, Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica Celso Suckow da Fonseca, Av. Maracanã Campus 229, Rio de Janeiro, 20271-110, Brazil

    Y. Sasikumar, R. Suresh Babu & Ana L. F. de Barros

  2. Center of Research Excellence in Corrosion, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    A. Madhan Kumar

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Tatung University, No. 40, Sec. 3, Zhongshan, North Rd., Taipei City, 104, Taiwan

    P. Dhaiveegan

  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    N. Al-Aqeeli

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  1. Y. Sasikumar
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Sasikumar, Y., Kumar, A.M., Suresh Babu, R. et al. Fabrication of Brushite Coating on AZ91D and AZ31 Alloys by Two-Step Chemical Treatment and Its Surface Protection in Simulated Body Fluid. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 28, 3803–3815 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-019-04143-7

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