Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Schiff Base Pyrazol Complexes: Dielectric Properties and Conduction Mechanisms

  • Original Research Article
  • Published:
Journal of Electronic Materials Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Complexes of Cu (II) and Co (II) with (4-[(2,4-dihydroxy-benezylidene)-amino]-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydroxo-pyrazol-3-one have been synthesized and characterized. The alternating current conductivity (σac) and dielectric properties of Cu (II) and Co (II) complexes were investigated in the frequency range 100Hz–5MHz and temperature range 295–475 K. The values of the thermal activation energies of ligand, Cu (II) and Co (II) complexes were calculated at different frequencies. The behaviors of the dielectric constants with both frequency and temperature were investigated. σac was found to follow semiconducting behavior with frequency. The charge carrier’s conduction mechanisms were suggested. The overlapping large polaron tunneling mechanism was adopted for complex X1 while for ligand and complexes X2, X3 correlated barrier hopping is the dominant conduction mechanism.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Scheme 1
Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. A.M. Abu-Dief, and I.M.A. Mohamed, A Review on Versatile Applications of Transition Metal Complexes Incorporating Schiff Bases, Beni-Suef Univ. J. Basic and App. Sci. 4, 119 (2015).

    Google Scholar 

  2. H. Raouf, S.A. Beyramabadi, S. Allameh, and A. Morsali, Synthesis, Experimental and Theoretical Characterizations of a 1,2,4-Triazole Schiff Base and its Nickel(II) Complex. J. Mol. Stru. 1179, 779 (2019).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. M.A. Diab, Gehad G. Mohamed, W.H. Mahmoud, A.Z. El-Sonbati, Sh.M. Morgan, and S.Y. Abbas, Inner Metal Complexes of Tetradentate Schiff Base: Synthesis, Characterization, Biological Activity and Molecular Docking Studies. Appl. Organometal. Chem. 33, e4945 (2019).

    Google Scholar 

  4. S.G. Nozha, Sh.M. Morgan, S.E. Abu Ahmed, M.A. El-Mogazy, M.A. Diab, A.Z. El-Sonbati, and M.I. Abou-Dobara, Polymer Complexes LXXIV Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity Studies of Polymer Complexes of Some Transition Metals with bis-bidentate Schiff Base. J. Mol. Stru. 1227, 129525 (2021).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. A.Z. El-Sonbati, W.H. Mahmoud, G.G. Mohamed, M.A. Diab, Sh.M. Morgan, and S.Y. Abbas, Synthesis, Characterization of Schiff Base Metal Complexes and their Biological Investigation. Appl. Organometal. Chem. 33, e5048 (2019).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. X.-Y. Chen, S. Ozturk, and E.J. Sorensen, Synthesis of Fluorenones from Benzaldehydes and Aryl Iodides: Dual C-H Functionalizations Using a Transient Directing Group. Org. Lett. 19, 1140 (2017).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. D.-Y. Wang, S.-H. Guo, G.-F. Pan, X.-Q. Zhu, Y.-R. Gao, and Y.-Q. Wang, Direct Dehydrogenative Arylation of Benzaldehydes with Arenes Using Transient Directing Groups. Org. Lett. 20, 1794 (2018).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. İ Gönül, Synthesis and Structural Characterization of ONO Type Tridentate Ligands and their Co(II) and Ni(II) Complexes: Investigation of Electrical Conductivity and Antioxidant Properties. Inorg. Chim. Acta. 495, 119027 (2019).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. T.A. Hameed, S.H. Moustafa, H. Shaban, and B.A. Mansour, The Effect of Selenium on the Structural, Morphology, Optical, Electrical Properties of Cu2Te Thin Films for Thermoelectric and Photovoltaic Applications. Opt. Mat. 109, 110308 (2020).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. B.S. Biesman, and C. Heilman, Surgical Management of Lesions Affecting the Anterior Optic Pathways. Semin Ophthalmol. 10, 260 (1995).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. R. Selwin Joseyphus, E. Viswanathan, C. Justin Dhanaraj, and J. Joseph, Dielectric Properties and Conductivity Studies of Some Tetradentate Cobalt(II), Nickel(II), and Copper(II) Schiff base Complexes. J. King Saud Univ. Sci. 24, 233 (2012).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. N.A. El-Ghamaz, A.A. El-Bindary, M.A. Diab, A.Z. El-Sonbati, and S.G. Nozha, Dielectrical Properties and Conduction Mechanism of Quinoline Schiff Base and its Complexes. Res. Chem, Intermed. 42, 2501 (2016).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. H.A. Badran, H.A. Hasan, Synthesis and Study Dielectric Properties of a New Schiff-base Liquid Crystal, in: Rhodes, Greece, p. 050037 (2020).

  14. A.Z. El-Sonbati, M.A. Diab, M.I. Abou-Dobara, A.M. Eldesoky, and H.R. Issa, Synthesis, Characterization, Electrochemical Studies and Antimicrobial Activities of Metal Complexes. J. Iran. Chem. Soc. 19, 979 (2022).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. N.A. El-Ghamaz, A.Z. El-Sonbati, and Sh.M. Morgan, Optical Properties of Some Synthesized Azo Thin Films. J. Mole. Stru. 1027, 92 (2012).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. A.Z. El-Sonbati, M.A. Diab, Sh.M. Morgan, and M.Z. Balboula, Polymer Complexes LXVIII Spectroscopic Studies of Supramolecular Copper(II) Polymeric Complexes of Biologically Active Monomer Derived from Novel Sulfa Drug. Appl. Organometal. Chem. 32, e4059 (2018).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. N.A. El-Ghamaz, M.A. Diab, A.Z. El-Sonbati, Sh.M. Morgan, and O.L. Salem, Polymer Complexes LXVII Electrical Conductivity and Thermal Properties of Polymer Complexes of Quinoline Azo Dye. Chem. Pap. 71, 2417 (2017).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Sh.M. Morgan, N.A. El-Ghamaz, and M.A. Diab, Effect of the Type of Metal on the Electrical Conductivity and Thermal Properties of Metal Complexes: The Relation Between Ionic Radius of Metal Complexes and Electrical Conductivity. J. Mol. Stru. 1160, 227 (2018).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. A.Z. El-Sonbati, M.A. Diab, Sh.M. Morgan, M.I. Abou-Dobara, and A.A. El-Ghettany, Synthesis, Characterization, Theoretical and Molecular Docking Studies of Mixed-Ligand Complexes of Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Mn(II), Cr(III), UO2(II) and Cd(II). J. Mol. Stru. 1200, 127065 (2020).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. A.Z. El-Sonbati, M.A. Diab, Sh.M. Morgan, and H.A. Seyam, Supramolecular Structures for Determination and Identification of the Bond Lengths in Novel Uranyl Complexes from their Infrared Spectra. J. Mol. Stru. 1154, 354 (2018).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Sh.M. Morgan, A.Z. El-Sonbati, and H.R. Eissa, Geometrical Structures, Thermal Properties and Spectroscopic Studies of Schiff Base Complexes: Correlation Between Ionic Radius of Metal Complexes and DNA Binding. J. Mol. Liq. 240, 752 (2017).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. A.Z. El-Sonbati, M.A. Diab, Sh.M. Morgan, A.M. Eldesoky, and M.Z. Balboula, Polymer Complexes Some Divalent Metal(II) Polymer Complexes of Potentially Bidentate Monomer N-[4-(5-Methylisoxazol-3-Ylsulfamoyl)-Phenyl]-Acrylamide: Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization, Thermal Properties, Antimicrobial Agents and DNA Studies. Appl. Organometal. Chem. 32, e4207 (2018).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. H.M. Zidan, Structural and Electrical Properties of PVA/PVP Blend Doped with Methylene Blue Dye. Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 11, 9041 (2016).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. M.A. Diab, N.A. El-Ghamaz, FSh. Mohamed, and E.M. El-Bayoumy, Conducting polymers VIII: Optical and Electrical Conductivity of Poly(bis-m-phenylenediaminosulphoxide). Polym. Test. 63, 440 (2017).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. M.A. Diab, A.Z. El-Sonbati, N.A. El-Ghamaz, Sh.M. Morgan, and O. El-Shahat, Conducting Polymers X: Dielectric Constant, Conduction Mechanism and Correlation Between Theoretical Parameters and Electrical Conductivity of Poly (N, N′-bis-sulphinyl p-phenylenediamine-2,6-diaminipyridine) and Poly (N, N′-bis-sulphinyl p-phenylenediamine-3,5-diamine-1,2,4-trizole). Eur. Polym. J. 115, 268 (2019).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. E.H. Avdović, ŽB. Milanović, M.N. Živanović, D.S. Šeklić, I.D. Radojević, L.R. Čomić, S.R. Trifunović, A. Amić, and Z.S. Marković, Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization, Biological Activity, DFT and Molecular Docking Study of Novel 4-Hydroxycoumarine Derivatives and Corresponding Palladium(II) Complexes. Inorg. Chim. Acta. 504, 119465 (2020).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. G.Y. Nagesh, K. Mahendra Raj, and B.H.M. Mruthyunjayaswamy, Synthesis, Characterization, Thermal Study and Biological Evaluation of Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) Complexes of Schiff Base Ligand Containing Thiazole Moiety. J. Mol. Stru. 1079, 423 (2015).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. R. Retoux, J. Rodriguez-Carvajal, and P. Lacorre, Neutron Diffraction and TEM Studies of the Crystal Structure and Defects of Nd4Ni3O8. J. Solid State Chem. 140, 307 (1998).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. T. Roisnel, J. Rodriguez-Carvajal, Computer program FULLPROF, LLB-LCSIM, May, (2003).

  30. J.E. Chisholm, C. Hammond, The Basics of Crystallography and Diffraction. International Union of Crystallography Texts on Crystallography, Oxford University Press, 1997. xi + 249 pp. Price £14.99 (Paperback) [Also available in hardback]. ISBN 0-19-855945-3., Mineral. Mag. 62, 131 (1998).

  31. H. Losse, Treatment of renal hypertension. Clin. Nephrol. 4, 194 (1975).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. N.A. El-Ghamaz, A.Z. El-Sonbati, M.A. Diab, A.A. El-Bindary, M.K. Awad, and Sh.M. Morgan, Dielectrical, Conduction Mechanism and Thermal Properties of Rhodanine Azodyes. Mater. Sci. Semicond. Proc. 19, 150 (2014).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. T.A. Hameed, F. Mohamed, A.M. Mansour, and I.K. Battisha, Synthesis of Sm3+and Gd3+ Ions Embedded in Nano-Structure Barium Titanate Prepared by Sol-Gel Technique:Terahertz, Dielectric and Up-Conversion Study. ECS J. Solid State Sci. Tech. 9, 123005 (2020).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. F. Mohamed, W. Sharmoukh, A.M. Youssef, and T.A. Hameed, Structural, Morphological, Optical, and Dielectric Properties of PVA-PVP Filled with Zinc Oxide Aluminum-Graphene Oxide Composite for Promising Applications. Polym Adv Technol 33, 1009–1020 (2022).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Sh.A. Mansour, I.S. Yahia, and F. Yakuphanoglu, The Electrical Conductivity and Dielectric Properties of C.I. Basic Violet 10. Dyes and Pigments. 87, 144 (2010).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. M. Megdiche, C. Perrin-pellegrino, and M. Gargouri, Conduction Mechanism Study by Overlapping Large-Polaron Tunnelling Model in SrNiP2O7 Ceramic Compound. J. Alloys Comp. 584, 209 (2014).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. K.J. Laidler, The Development of the Arrhenius Equation. J. Chem. Educ. 61, 494 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. S. Karmakar, H. Tyagi, D.P. Mohapatra, and D. Behera, Dielectric Relaxation Behavior and Overlapping Large Polaron Tunneling Conduction Mechanism in NiO–PbO μ-Cauliflower Composites. J. Alloys and Comp. 851, 156789 (2021).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. O. Ajili, B. Louati, and K. Guidara, Electrical Properties and Conduction Mechanism by CBH Model of Na2SrP2O7. J Mater. Sci. Mater Electron. 29, 8649 (2018).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Y. Ben Taher, A. Oueslati, N.K. Maaloul, K. Khirouni, and M. Gargouri, Conductivity Study and Correlated Barrier Hopping (CBH) Conduction Mechanism in Diphosphate Compound. Appl. Phys. A. 120, 1537 (2015).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. T.Ş Kuru, E. Şentürk, and V. Eyüpoğlu, Overlapping Large Polaron Conductivity Mechanism and Dielectric Properties of Al0.2Cd0.8Fe2O4 Ferrite Nanocomposite. J Supercond. Nov. Magn. 30, 647 (2017).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. H.M. Zeyada, N.A. El-Ghamaz, and E.A. Gaml, Alternating Current Conductivity and Dielectrical Properties of -5-Sulfono-7-(4–x phenyl azo)-8-Hydroxy Quinoline Derivatives. Physica B 519, 76 (2017).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, New Damietta, 34517, Egypt

    Eman A. Gaml

  2. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, New Damietta, 34517, Egypt

    A. Z. El-Sonabi, M. A. Diab & H. R. Issa

Authors
  1. Eman A. Gaml
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. Z. El-Sonabi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. M. A. Diab
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. H. R. Issa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

Eman A. Gaml: Data curation, visualization, formal analysis, Writing- Original draft preparation, Writing- Reviewing and Editing, A.Z. El-Sonabi: formal analysis, Writing- Reviewing and Editing, M.A. Diab: formal analysis, Writing- Reviewing and Editing, H.R. Issa: Synthesis of the original compounds, Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing- Original draft preparation. All of the authors contributed equally to finish the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Eman A. Gaml.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that there are no conflicted interests. The authors declare no competing interests in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.

Human and animal rights

The authors declare that there was no research involved Human Participants and/or Animals.

Research Data Policy and Data Availability Statements

The data used in this manuscript is available upon request.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary file 1 (176 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Gaml, E.A., El-Sonabi, A.Z., Diab, M.A. et al. Schiff Base Pyrazol Complexes: Dielectric Properties and Conduction Mechanisms. J. Electron. Mater. 51, 5343–5358 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-022-09780-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-022-09780-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation