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Sulforaphane as a Promising Natural Molecule for Cancer Prevention and Treatment

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Summary

Tumorigenicity-inhibiting compounds have been identified in our daily diet. For example, isothiocyanates (ITCs) found in cruciferous vegetables were reported to have potent cancer-prevention activities. The best characterized ITC is sulforaphane (SF). SF can simultaneously modulate multiple cellular targets involved in carcinogenesis, including (1) modulating carcinogen-metabolizing enzymes and blocking the action of mutagens; (2) inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis; and (3) inhibition of neo-angiogenesis and metastasis. SF targets cancer stem cells through modulation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), Sonic hedgehog (SHH), epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. Conventional chemotherapy/SF combination was tested in several studies and resulted in favorable outcomes. With its favorable toxicological profile, SF is a promising agent in cancer prevention and/or therapy. In this article, we discuss the human metabolism of SF and its effects on cancer prevention, treatment, and targeting cancer stem cells, as well as providing a brief review of recent human clinical trials on SF.

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  1. McGill Craniofacial Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 0G4, Canada

    Osama A. Elkashty & Simon D. Tran

  2. Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt

    Osama A. Elkashty

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Elkashty, O.A., Tran, S.D. Sulforaphane as a Promising Natural Molecule for Cancer Prevention and Treatment. CURR MED SCI 41, 250–269 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11596-021-2341-2

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