Abstract
An ultra-broadband terahertz absorber is proposed by a metasurface consisting of coplanar graphene fishnet pattern and gold cross-shaped pattern. The mechanisms of the ultra-broad absorption band of the absorber are that multiple localized surface plasmon resonances are excited in the metasurface and the hybridization of the graphene and gold patterns enhances the field in the metasurface. Besides, the multiple reflections of incidence between the top surface and bottom mirror also enhance the absorbance. The design demonstrates that a band of 90% absorption can be expanded to 8.7 THz with a centric frequency 6.45 THz (134.88%). In addition, the proposed absorber is insensitive to the angle of polarization and it is slightly sensitive to the incident angle. Furthermore, the absorption bandwidth of 85% absorbance can be tuned from 2~8 THz to 2~11 THz via changing the bias voltage. The proposed absorber is interesting for the applications of sensing, detecting, and optoelectronic devices.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Kasalynas I et al (2008) Design and performance of a room-temperature terahertz detection array for real-time imaging. IEEE J Quantum Electron 14(2):363–369
Mittendorff M et al (2013) Ultrafast graphene-based broadband THz detector. Appl Phys Lett 103(2):666
Wen Y et al (2017) Photomechanical meta-molecule array for real-time terahertz imaging. Microsyst Nanoeng 3:17071
Kuznetsov SA, Paulish AG, Gelfand AV, Lazorskiy PA, Fedorinin VN (2011) Bolometric THz-to-IR converter for terahertz imaging. Appl Phys Lett 99(2):710
Sabah C, Mulla B, Altan H, Ozyuzer L (2018) Cross-like terahertz metamaterial absorber for sensing applications. Pramana 91(2):17
Liu N, Mesch M, Weiss T, Hentschel M, Giessen H (2010) Infrared perfect absorber and its application as plasmonic sensor. Nano Lett 10(7):2342–2348
Hanson GW (2008) Dyadic Green’s functions and guided surface waves for a surface conductivity model of graphene. J Appl Phys 103(6):19912
Neto AHC (2010) The electronic properties of graphene. Phys Status Solidi 244(11):4106–4111
Novoselov KS, Geim AK, Morozov SV, Jiang D, Zhang Y, Dubonos SV, Grigorieva IV, Firsov AA (2004) Electric field effect in atomically thin carbon films. Science 306(5696):666–669
Peng L, Li XF, Jiang X, Li SM (2018) A novel THz half-wave polarization converter for cross-polarization conversions of both linear and circular polarizations and polarization conversion ratio regulating by graphene. J Lightwave Technol 36(19):4250–4258
Zhang T, Ke X, Yin X, Chen L, Li X (2017) Graphene-assisted ultra-compact polarization splitter and rotator with an extended bandwidth. Sci Rep 7(1):12169
Zhang Y, Feng Y, Jiang T, Cao J, Zhao J, Zhu B (2018) Tunable broadband polarization rotator in terahertz frequency based on graphene metamaterial. Carbon 133:170–175
Shi SF, Zeng B, Han HL, Hong X, Tsai HZ, Jung HS, Zettl A, Crommie MF, Wang F (2015) Optimizing broadband terahertz modulation with hybrid graphene/metasurface structures. Nano Lett 15(1):372–377
Lee SH, Kim HD, Choi HJ, Kang B, Yong RC, Min B (2013) Broadband modulation of terahertz waves with non-resonant graphene meta-devices. IEEE Trans THz Sci Technol 3(6):764–771
Li L, Cao M, Li T, Meng L, Zhang H, Zhang Y (2017) Complementary graphene metamaterial with independently tunable dual absorption bands at terahertz frequency. Mater Res Express 4(10)
He G, Stiens J (2017) Enhanced terahertz absorption of graphene composite integrated with double circular metal ring array. Plasmonics 9:1–6
Xu YL, Li EP, Wei XC, Yi D (2016) A novel tunable absorber based on vertical graphene strips. IEEE Microw Wireless Compon Lett 26(1):10–12
Masuminia S, Ghobadi C, Nourinia J, Karamirad M, Mohammadi B (2016) A novel tunable graphene based terahertz absorber with polarization insensitive. Appl Comput Electromagn Soc J 31(12):1439–1444
Zhu B, Zhao J, Jiang T, Feng Y, Zhang Y (2014) Graphene based tunable metamaterial absorber and polarization modulation in terahertz frequency. Opt Express 22(19):22743–22752
Xu BZ, Gu CQ, Li Z, Niu ZY (2013) A novel structure for tunable terahertz absorber based on graphene. Opt Express 21(20):23803
Andryieuski A, Lavrinenko AV (2013) Graphene metamaterials based tunable terahertz absorber: effective surface conductivity approach. Opt Express 21(7):9144–9155
Fu P, Liu F, Ren GJ, Su F, Li D, Yao JQ (2018) A broadband metamaterial absorber based on multi-layer graphene in the terahertz region. Opt Commun 417:62–66
Xiao B, Gu M, Xiao S (2017) Broadband, wide-angle and tunable terahertz absorber based on cross-shaped graphene arrays. Appl Opt 56(19):5458–5462
Chen D, Yang J, Zhang J, Huang J, Zhang Z (2017) Section 1 Tunable broadband terahertz absorbers based on multiple layers of graphene ribbons. Sci Rep 7(1):15836
Amin M, Farhat M, Bağcı H (2013) An ultra-broadband multilayered graphene absorber. Opt Express 21(24):29938–29948
Ye L, Chen Y, Cai G, Liu N, Zhu J, Song Z, Liu QH (2017) Broadband absorber with periodically sinusoidally-patterned graphene layer in terahertz range. Opt Express 25(10):11223
Zhihong Z, Chucai G, Jianfa Z, Ken L, Xiaodong Y, Shiqiao Q (2014) Broadband single-layered graphene absorber using periodic arrays of graphene ribbons with gradient width. Appl Phys Express 8(1):015102
Liu C, Qi L, Zhang X (2016) Broadband graphene-based metamaterial absorbers. AIP Adv 8(9):3036–3044
Gusynin VP, Sharapov SG, Carbotte JP (2007) Magneto-optical conductivity in graphene. J Phys Condens Matter 19(2):249–264
Funding
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 61661011 & 61761012.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Deng, Yw., Peng, L., Liao, X. et al. An Ultra-Broadband Terahertz Absorber Based on Coplanar Graphene and Gold Hybridized Metasurface. Plasmonics 14, 1057–1061 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-018-0893-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-018-0893-1