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Fault-controlled regional magmatism and mineral deposition in central Cathaysia—Evidence from ambient noise tomography

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Abstract

Guangdong Province in the central Cathaysian Block has two world-class metallogenic belts, namely, the Nanling and Southeastern Coastal Metallogenic Belts (NLMB and SCMB), which are spatially coincide with the major regional Ganjiang and Zhenghe-Dapu Fault Zones (GJFZ and ZDFZ). However, what roles the faults played in mineral deposition and magmatism is unclear. Using ambient noise tomography, we obtain a 3-D whole-crust shear wave velocity model. By combining available regional geophysical models, we characterize the architecture of the regional shallow lithosphere and infer its possible tectonic connection to magmatic sources, pathways and surface deposition. The results show that the study area is loosely divided by the two major faults, the GJFZ and ZDFZ, into distinct velocity domains. In the north high Vs and low Vp/Vs crust in the NLMB imply crustal remelting, which leads to the general felsic composition. In the coastal area, the lower crustal high Vs anomaly is attributed to upwelling melts associated with Cretaceous magmatic activity. Between mineral belts, a swath of crustal low-velocity zones extend into the uppermost mantle, manifesting partial melting related to upwelling magmas that may hint at a deep origin of magma from subcrustal lithosphere and likely feed surface mineral deposits through major faults. Secondary NW-trending faults coincide with low velocities and facilitated magmatic migration. A correlation between coastward extension of low velocities and younging of the Jurassic and Cretaceous magmatism is suggestive of a combined effect of slab rollback and a change in the direction of the Paleo-Pacific subduction system. We speculate a regional fault-control model in the central Cathaysian Block for the spatial-temporal evolution of regional deformation and magmatism during the middle Mesozoic.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the Data Management Centre of China National Seismic Network (CNSN) at Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration (http://www.seisdmc.ac.cn) for providing the waveform data. The authors also would like to thank Huajian YAO from the University of Science and Technology of China for sharing the ambient noise dispersion inversion tomography code. The Transdimensional inversion was carried out using resources provided by the Pawsey Supercomputing Centre with funding from the Australian Government and the Government of Western Australia. This is contribution 1723 from the ARC Centre of Excellence for Core to Crust Fluid Systems (http://www.ccfs.mq.edu.au). The final dispersion curves, which are the only data needed to reproduce the final 3-D velocity model are stored at the open-source website—OSF (https://osf.io/z3thx/) This work was supported by the Key Special Project for Introduced Talents Team of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) (Grant No. GML2019ZD0204), the National Scientific Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 42076068, 91858212, 41730532, 91958212, 91955210).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China

    Lingmin Cao, Minghui Zhao, Haibo Huang & Xuelin Qiu

  2. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China

    Lingmin Cao, Minghui Zhao, Haibo Huang & Xuelin Qiu

  3. ARC Centre of Excellence for Core to Crust Fluid Systems, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia

    Huaiyu Yuan

  4. Centre for Exploration Targeting, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia

    Huaiyu Yuan

  5. State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China

    Liang Zhao

  6. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Liang Zhao, Minghui Zhao, Tianyao Hao & Xuelin Qiu

  7. Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China

    Tianyao Hao

  8. Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, 310012, China

    Tianyao Hao

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  1. Lingmin Cao
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  2. Huaiyu Yuan
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  3. Liang Zhao
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  4. Minghui Zhao
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Correspondence to Lingmin Cao or Huaiyu Yuan.

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Cao, L., Yuan, H., Zhao, L. et al. Fault-controlled regional magmatism and mineral deposition in central Cathaysia—Evidence from ambient noise tomography. Sci. China Earth Sci. 65, 1715–1735 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-021-9941-2

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