Abstract
Mono and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are widely distributed and severely pollute the aqueous environment due to natural and human activities, particularly human activity. It is crucial to identify and address them in order to reduce the dangers and threats they pose to biological processes and ecosystems. In the fields of sensor detection and water treatment, electrochemistry plays a crucial role as a trustworthy and environmentally friendly technology. In order to accomplish trace detection while enhancing detection accuracy and precision, researchers have created and studied sensors using a range of materials based on electrochemical processes, and their results have demonstrated good performance. One cannot overlook the challenges associated with treating aromatic pollutants, including mono and polycyclic. Much work has been done and good progress has been achieved in order to address these challenges. This study discusses the mono and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon sensor detection and electrochemical treatment technologies for contaminants in the aqueous environment. Additionally mentioned are the sources, distribution, risks, hazards, and problems in the removal of pollutants. The obstacles to be overcome and the future development plans of the field are then suggested by summarizing and assessing the research findings of the researchers.
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Data Availability
Data availability is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.
Abbreviations
- AHCs:
-
Aromatic hydrocarbon compounds
- BTEX:
-
Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene
- MAHs:
-
Monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
- PAHs:
-
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
- USEPA:
-
US Environmental Protection Agency
- ACY:
-
Acenaphthylene
- FL:
-
Fluorene
- ANT:
-
Anthracene
- NAP:
-
Naphthalene
- ACE:
-
Acenaphene
- PYR:
-
Pyrene
- CHR:
-
Chrysene
- B[k]F:
-
Benzo[k]fluoranthene
- B[ghi]P:
-
Benzo[g,h,i]perylene
- D[ah]A:
-
Dibenz[a,h]anthracene
- CNs:
-
Carbon nanomaterials
- PHE:
-
Phenanthrene
- FLU:
-
Fluoranthene
- B[a]A:
-
Benzo[a]anthracene
- B[b]F:
-
Benzo[b]fluoranthene
- B[a]P:
-
Benzo[a]pyrene
- IND:
-
Indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene
- NMs:
-
Nanomaterials
- MOFs:
-
Metal-organic frameworks
- MIPs:
-
Molecularly imprinted polymers
- ECT:
-
Electrochemical treatment technology
- VOCs:
-
Volatile organic compounds
- IARC:
-
International Agency for Research on Cancer
- ( ±)-anti-BPDE:
-
Anti-diol-epoxide of B[a]P
- RQNCs:
-
Risk quotient of the negligible concentrations
- RQMPCs:
-
Risk quotient of the maximum permissible concentrations
- CV:
-
Cyclic voltammetry
- SV:
-
Stripping voltammetry
- DPV:
-
Differential pulse voltammetry
- LSV:
-
Linear sweep voltammetry
- SWV:
-
Square wave voltammetry
- CNs:
-
Carbon nanomaterials
- Gr:
-
Graphene
- NPs:
-
Nanoparticles
- CNTs:
-
Carbon nanotubes
- MNPs:
-
Metal nanoparticles
- AgNPs:
-
Silver nanoparticles
- AuNPs:
-
Gold nanoparticles
- RhB:
-
Rhodamin B
- BPA:
-
Bisphenol A
- GCE:
-
Glassy carbon electrode
- CNTPE:
-
Carbon nanotube paste electrode
- PRF:
-
Electropolymerized riboflavin
- HQ:
-
Hydroquinone
- PNPH:
-
P-nitrophenol
- PH:
-
Phenol
- rGO:
-
Reduced graphene oxide
- TCP:
-
Trichlorophenol
- ZIFs:
-
Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks
- Pz:
-
Pzvbased porphyrinic
- H4TPP:
-
5,10,15,20-Tetra(1H-pyrazol-4yl)porphyrin
- SBU:
-
Secondary building unit
- 4-NP:
-
4-Nitrophenol
- PPy:
-
Polypyrole
- p-DNB:
-
P-dinitrobenzene
- \({\bullet {\text{O}}}_{2}^{-}\) :
-
Superoxide anion radicals
- LO:
-
Longitudinal optic
- TiN:
-
Titanium nitride
- NGS:
-
Nanographene shells
- NGO:
-
Nitrogen-doped graphene oxide
- ECWAO:
-
Electrically catalytic wet assisted oxidation
- TCS:
-
Triclosan
- MCE:
-
Mineralization current efficiency
- PXRD:
-
Powder X-ray diffraction
- RC:
-
Resorcinol
- BDD:
-
Boron-doped diamond
- HO:
-
Hydroxyl radicals
- CF:
-
Carbon felt
- TO:
-
Transverse optic
- ORR:
-
Oxygen reduction reaction
- MOR:
-
Methanol oxidation reaction
- CT:
-
Catechol
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This work is supported by the Major Science and Technology Projects in Yunnan Province (CN)–Research and Application of Clean Value-added Processing Technology for Large Livestock and Poultry Farm Waste (202302AE090014).
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Qu, G., Liu, G., Zhao, C. et al. Detection and treatment of mono and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants in aqueous environments based on electrochemical technology: recent advances. Environ Sci Pollut Res 31, 23334–23362 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-32640-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-32640-3