Abstract
Resource utilization of construction and demolition (C&D) waste has great potential to significantly reduce the consumption of natural resources and improve the environment. Meanwhile, establishing a sound policy system and reducing production are the key ways to solve the problem of C&D waste. Numerous studies on C&D waste, recycled concrete aggregate (RA), and recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) have been reported in the literature, with few systematic summaries. From a global perspective, this paper assessed the current situation of C&D waste and the countermeasure of several major economies. Then, this paper systematically introduces the composition structure and characteristics of RA. Modification techniques from macro and micro perspectives of RA and its effect on RAC were also presented. Paper also reviews the environmental impacts of RA and RAC. The results showed that bonded mortar was the most significant defect of RA than natural aggregate (NA). Thus, RA weakened RAC’s microstructure, workability, mechanical properties, and durability. The research on the modification of RA mainly focused on removing bonded mortar and enhancing bonded mortar containing physical or chemical methods. Enhancing bonded mortar was a more effective method than removing bonded mortar. Carbonation and microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation were highly efficient and environmentally friendly for RA modification. Research progress in quantifying the environmental impacts associated with concrete from waste materials through the LCA methodology is presented. Suggestions and an outlook were given on the critical issues facing RA and RAC. We expect that this work can provide more technical support for C&D waste utilization.
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Acknowledgements
This work has been supported by the conditions provided by Sun Yat-sen University.
Funding
This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51908568, No. 52002410), Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 2019A1515011981), Zhuhai Social Development Field Science & Technology Project (No. ZH22036203200015PWC), and State Key Lab of Subtropical Building Science, South China University of Technology (No. 2022ZB20).
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Zhong Li: writing—original draft, writing—review and editing. Yadong Bian: data curation, writing—original draft. Jihui Zhao: conceptualization, writing—review and editing. Yiren Wang: formal analysis. Xuan Qiu: investigation. Qiang Liu: investigation.
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Li, Z., Bian, Y., Zhao, J. et al. Sustainable building materials-recycled aggregate and concrete: a systematic review of properties, modification techniques, and environmental impacts. Environ Sci Pollut Res 31, 20814–20852 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-32397-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-32397-9