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Temporal variation of water quality parameters in the lacustrine of the Thrace Region, Northwest Türkiye

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Abstract

Thrace is a part of the Marmara Region northwest of Türkiye. This region hosts several lentic ecosystems used for irrigation and drinking water supply. The present study was conducted to analyze the temporal distributions of water quality parameters (WQPs) of lentic ecosystems (lacustrine habitats), including lakes (L1–L2), reservoirs (R1–R12), and ponds (P1–P19) of the Thrace Region. Thirty-three lacustrine habitats were identified in the region. Freshwaters were collected in the wet (end of winter) and dry (end of summer) seasons of 2021–2022 and tested for 12 WQPs. Data was evaluated for the water quality index (WQI) and nutrient pollution index (NPI) and their overall quality level. For the evaluation of non-carcinogenic health risk indices of WQPs, the chronic daily index (CDI), hazard quotient (HQ), and hazard index (HI) were applied. Cluster analysis (CA), Pearson correlation index (PCI), and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to classify the lacustrine habitats and identify the source of WQPs. The average values were as follows: 9.28 mg/L for dissolved oxygen (DO), 94.6% for oxygen (O2) saturation, 9.29 for pH, 613 μS/cm for electrical conductivity (EC), 3.96 NTU for turbidity, 358 mg/L for total dissolved solids (TDS), 3.17 mg/L for nitrate (NO3), 0.05 mg/L for nitrite (NO2), 1.01 mg/L for phosphate (PO4), 78.5 mg/L for sulfate (SO4), and 102 mg/L for chloride (Cl). Results showed a significant increase in WQPs, including NO3, NO2, and PO4, in the wet season, while the salinity decreased from the dry to wet season. Results revealed that HI values of water contaminants in lacustrine habitats were noted to be less than one. Based on determined WQPs, the present study recommends using lacustrine water habitats for irrigation, drinking, and other domestic and industrial purposes.

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Data availability

The data supporting this study’s findings are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Funding

The current research was financially supported by Trakya University (Project Number: 2021/112).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory Technology Program, Trakya University, İpsala, Edirne, Türkiye

    Cem Tokatlı

  2. Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, Bangladesh

    Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul Islam

  3. National Centre of Excellence in Geology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan

    Said Muhammad

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  1. Cem Tokatlı
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  2. Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul Islam
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Contributions

CT designed this study, performed data analyses, and drafted and edited the manuscript. ARMTI and SM performed statistical analyses and edited this manuscript.

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Correspondence to Said Muhammad.

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Tokatlı, C., Islam, A.R.M.T. & Muhammad, S. Temporal variation of water quality parameters in the lacustrine of the Thrace Region, Northwest Türkiye. Environ Sci Pollut Res 31, 11832–11841 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-31912-2

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