Abstract
The Fenton method to remediate oil-contaminated soils has long suffered from low utilization of ·OH, resulting in waste of costs during practical application. This study investigated the efficient utilization of ·OH in oxidation using three different soils contaminated with oil (S1, S2, and S3). The mechanisms of promoting oxidation of long-chain alkanes by self-produced surfactant-like substance at the solid-liquid interface were studied. These results (take S1 as an example) showed that the average ·OH utilization rate of oxidized long-chain alkanes (Ka) at the solid-liquid interface reached 88.34 (mg/kg∙(a.u.)), which was higher than the non-solid-liquid interface stage (I: 54.02 (mg/kg∙(a.u.)), II: 67.36 (mg/kg∙(a.u.))). Meanwhile, the average oxidation of long-chain alkanes could increase unit ·OH intensity added (Kb) in the solid-liquid interface (990.00 mg/kg), which was much higher than Kb of the non-solid-liquid interface stage (I: 228.34 mg/kg, II: −1.48 mg/kg). Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between the proportion of humic acid-like in soil organic matter and the oxidation of long-chain alkanes at the solid-liquid interface. Thus, the surfactant-like substance generated during oxidation promoted the oxidation of long-chain alkanes at the solid-liquid interface. Moreover, when the surfactant-like substance had a matching degree (φ) with the long-chain alkanes (S1 0.18, S2 0.15, and S3 0.25), the efficiency of the ·OH utilization reached the peak, and the direct oxidation of long-chain alkanes at the solid-liquid interface was finally achieved (S1: 1373.00 mg/kg, S2: 1473.18 mg/kg, and S3: 1034.37 mg/kg). The appropriate surfactant-like substance agents in the construction can reduce the dosing of H2O2 and the construction costs by improving the efficient utilization of ·OH.
Graphical Abstract
Study on the mechanism promoting oxidation of long-chain alkanes by self-produced surfactant-like substance at the solid-liquid interface.
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Funding
This study was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51778524) and the Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi (No. 2019ZDLSF06-03).
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All the authors contributed to the study conception and design. Jinlan Xu: methodology, data curation, validation, funding acquisition, and supervision. Fengsen Li: methodology, data curation, writing-original draft, and validation. Shengyang Luo: data curation, formal analysis, supervision, and methodology. Qihang Shi: data curation and investigation. Zezhuang Cao: data curation. Lu Liu: data curation. Shujun Xue: data curation.
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Xu, J., Li, F., Luo, S. et al. Study on the mechanism promoting oxidation of long-chain alkanes by self-produced surfactant-like substance at the solid-liquid interface. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 117676–117687 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-29991-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-29991-8